{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T23:32:59Z","timestamp":1788305579436,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to assess the incidence and outcome of managing a pneumothorax without tube thoracostomy and to determine the clinical and laboratory characteristics that distinguish infants with a pneumothorax who can be treated without chest-tube insertion.<\/jats:p><jats:p>METHODS. A retrospective study was performed of neonates who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit at the University at Alabama at Birmingham from 1992 to 2005 and had a pneumothorax while on mechanical ventilation. Infant characteristics, respiratory and radiologic diagnoses, and respiratory management data (ventilator settings and blood gases) were compared between infants who initially were treated with a chest tube versus those initially treated without a chest tube.<\/jats:p><jats:p>RESULTS. A total of 136 ventilated infants with pneumothorax while on a ventilator were included in the final analysis; 101 (74%) were treated initially with a chest tube and 35 (26%) without a chest tube. Of those who did not receive a chest tube initially, 14 were treated with needle aspiration and 21 with expectant treatment. Infants who were treated initially without a chest tube were on a lower ventilator settings (mean airway pressure and fraction of inspired oxygen) and had better blood gases (arterial oxygen saturation, Pco2, and pH) compared with infants who were treated with a chest tube. Infants who were treated initially with needle aspiration were more likely to require subsequent chest-tube insertion than infants who had expectant treatment (43% vs 10%).<\/jats:p><jats:p>CONCLUSIONS. It is possible to treat expectantly without initial chest-tube placement a select group of ventilated neonates with pneumothorax.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-1269","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,14]],"date-time":"2008-10-14T00:24:42Z","timestamp":1223943882000},"page":"e975-e979","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Expectant Management of Pneumothorax in Ventilated Neonates"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"122","author":[{"given":"Ita","family":"Litmanovitz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Department, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel"},{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Waldemar A.","family":"Carlo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021120902415040800_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Trevisanuto D, Doglioni N, Ferrarese P, Vedovato S, Cosmi E, Zanardo V. 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