{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T20:57:44Z","timestamp":1792616264583,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>OBJECTIVE: Studies compared spinosad creme rinse and permethrin lice treatment under \u201cactual-use\u201d conditions for pediculosis capitis (head lice).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>SUBJECTS AND MATERIALS: Two phase-3, multicenter, randomized, evaluator\/investigator-blinded studies compared 0.9% spinosad without nit-combing to 1% permethrin with combing (according to product instructions) in 1038 males and females aged \u22656 months. Spinosad-with-combing groups were included for descriptive, noninferential purposes only. Within 391 households, youngest members having \u22653 live lice were designated primary participants. All household members with lice received the same treatment. Participants administered product 1 to 2 times during the 21-day home-use period on the basis of complete lice eradication after a single use or the presence of lice requiring a second treatment. Scalp evaluations were performed at baseline, day 7, and day 14 (and day 21 for participants treated twice). The primary end point was the proportion of lice-free primary participants 14 days after last treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>RESULTS: A total of 84.6% (study 1) and 86.7% (study 2) of spinosad-treated participants were lice free versus 44.9% and 42.9% permethrin-treated participants (P &amp;lt; .001). Most spinosad-treated participants required 1 application, whereas most permethrin-treated participants required 2 applications. Few adverse events were reported, but those occurring were mild to moderate, including eye irritation (permethrin), ocular hyperemia, and application-site erythema\/irritation (both medications). No laboratory measure changed significantly.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>CONCLUSIONS: Spinosad, which did not require nit combing, was significantly more effective than permethrin in 2 studies reflecting actual-use conditions, and most spinosad-treated participants required only 1 application. Spinosad is a more convenient and effective treatment for pediculosis capitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-3762","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,24]],"date-time":"2009-08-24T20:45:06Z","timestamp":1251146706000},"page":"e389-e395","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Efficacy and Safety of Spinosad and Permethrin Creme Rinses for Pediculosis Capitis (Head Lice)"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"124","author":[{"given":"Dow","family":"Stough","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Burke Pharmaceutical Research, Hot Springs, Arizona"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Shellabarger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anson Group, Carmel, Indiana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Quiring","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"QST Consultations, Allendale, Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"Alvin A.","family":"Gabrielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wee Care Pediatrics, Layton, Utah"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021120902525648600_R1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC factsheet. Available at: www.cdc.gov\/lice\/head\/factsheet.html. Accessed August 22, 2008"},{"key":"2021120902525648600_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lebwohl M, Clark L, Levitt J. Therapy for head lice based on life cycle, resistance and safety considerations. Pediatrics.\u20082007;119(5):965\u2013974","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-3087"},{"key":"2021120902525648600_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Frankowski BL, Weiner LB; American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on School Health, Committee on Infectious Diseases. Head lice. Pediatrics.\u20082002;110(3):638\u2013643","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.110.3.638"},{"key":"2021120902525648600_R4","unstructured":"Hansen RC. Guidelines for the treatment of resistant pediculosis. Contemp Pediatr.\u20082000;(suppl):4\u201310"},{"key":"2021120902525648600_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pollack RJ, Kiszewski A, Armstrong P, et al. Differential permethrin susceptibility of head lice sampled in the United States and Borneo. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med.\u20081999;153(9):969\u2013973","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.153.9.969"},{"key":"2021120902525648600_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee SH, Yoon KS, Williamson MS, et al. Molecular analysis of kdr-like resistance in permethrin-resistant strains of head lice, pediculus capitis. Pestic Biochem Physiol.\u20082000;66(2):130\u2013143","DOI":"10.1006\/pest.1999.2460"},{"key":"2021120902525648600_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Meinking TL, Serrano L, Hard B, et al. Comparative in vitro pediculicidal efficacy of treatments in a resistant head lice population in the United States. Arch Dermatol.\u20082002;138(2):220\u2013224","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.138.2.220"},{"key":"2021120902525648600_R8","unstructured":"Anon. Drugs for head lice. Med Lett.\u20081997;39(992):6\u20137"},{"key":"2021120902525648600_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Salgado VL. Studies on the mode of action of spinosad: insect symptoms and physiological correlates. Pesticide Biochem Physiol.\u20081998;60(2):91\u2013102","DOI":"10.1006\/pest.1998.2332"},{"key":"2021120902525648600_R10","unstructured":"Spinosad technical bulletin. Available at: www.jlgardencenter.com\/uploads\/handouts\/Spinosad.pdf. Accessed August 21, 2008"},{"key":"2021120902525648600_R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mougabure Cueto G, Zerba E, Ine\u0301s Picollo M. Embryonic development of human lice: rearing conditions and susceptibility to spinosad [published correction appears in Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2006;101(5):following 579]. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz.\u20082006;101(3):257\u2013261","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762006000300005"},{"key":"2021120902525648600_R12","unstructured":"ParaPRO, LLC. Data on file, protocol 20\u2013206. Carmel, IN: ParaPRO, LLC."},{"key":"2021120902525648600_R13","unstructured":"Meinking TL. Clinical update on resistance and treatment of Pediculosis capitis. Am J Manag Care.\u20082004;10(9 suppl):S264\u2013S268"},{"key":"2021120902525648600_R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hipolito RB, Mallorca FG, Zuniga-Macaraig ZO, Apolinario PC, Wheeler-Sherman J. Head lice infestation: single drug versus combination therapy with one percent permethrin and trimethoprim\/sulfamethoxazole. Pediatrics.\u20082001;107(3). Available at: www.pediatrics.org\/cgi\/content\/full\/107\/3\/e30","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.107.3.e30"},{"key":"2021120902525648600_R15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Meinking TL, Clineschmidt CM, Chen C, et al. An observer-blinded study of 1% permethrin creme rinse with and without adjunctive combing in patients with head lice. J Pediatrics.\u20082002;141(5):665\u2013670","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2002.129031"},{"key":"2021120902525648600_R16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Meinking TL, Vicaria M, Eyerdam DH, Villar ME, Reyna S, Suarez G. Efficacy of a reduced application time of Ovide lotion (0.5% malathion) compared to Nix creme rinse (1% permethrin) for the treatment of head lice. Pediatr Dermatol.\u20082004;21(6):670\u2013674","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0736-8046.2004.21613.x"},{"key":"2021120902525648600_R17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Meinking TL, Vicaria M, Eyerdam DH, Villar ME, Reyna S, Suarez G. A randomized, investigator-blinded, time-ranging study of the comparative efficacy of 0.5% malathion gel versus Ovide lotion (0.5% malathion) or Nix creme rinse (1% permethrin) used as labelled, for the treatment of head lice. Pediatr Dermatol.\u20082007;24(4):405\u2013411","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1470.2007.00460.x"}],"container-title":["Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/124\/3\/e389\/1006680\/zpe0090900e389.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/124\/3\/e389\/1006680\/zpe0090900e389.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,26]],"date-time":"2023-05-26T08:55:51Z","timestamp":1685091351000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article\/124\/3\/e389\/71789\/Efficacy-and-Safety-of-Spinosad-and-Permethrin"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,1]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2008-3762","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1164995.625868","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0031-4005","1098-4275"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-4005","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-4275","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,1]]}}}