{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T21:27:40Z","timestamp":1775856460104,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,1]]},"abstract":"\n OBJECTIVE:<\/jats:title>\n The objective of this study was to assess the effect of maternal antibiotic exposure on neonatal early-onset sepsis (EOS) rates over an 18-year period.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n A review was performed of infant and maternal records for all culture- proven cases of EOS in infants delivered at the Brigham and Women's Hospital (Boston, MA) in 1990\u20132007.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n Data were analyzed from 335 EOS cases over periods that differed with respect to hospital policy for intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis against group B Streptococcus (GBS): 1990\u20131992 (no prophylaxis); 1993\u20131996 (risk-based); and 1997\u20132007 (screening-based). The overall incidence of EOS decreased over these periods (3.70 vs 2.23 vs 1.59 cases per 1000 live births; P &lt; .0001). No change in the incidence of infection with ampicillin-resistant organisms was observed overall or among very low birth weight infants. However, an increased proportion of infections were caused by ampicillin- resistant organisms. Mothers of infants with ampicillin-resistant infections were more likely to have been treated with ampicillin (P = .0001). Overall peripartum antibiotic use increased during the study period primarily because of increased use of penicillin G and clindamycin, with no significant change in the use of ampicillin.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n Predominant use of penicillin G for GBS prophylaxis resulted in decreased incidence of EOS. No change in the incidence of ampicillin-resistant EOS was observed, but resistant cases were associated with peripartum ampicillin exposure. These findings suggest that obstetricians should consider preferential use of penicillin G for GBS prophylaxis.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-1573","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,13]],"date-time":"2010-04-13T03:04:12Z","timestamp":1271127852000},"page":"e1031-e1038","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"title":["No Change in the Incidence of Ampicillin-Resistant, Neonatal, Early-Onset Sepsis Over 18 Years"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"125","author":[{"given":"Karen M.","family":"Puopolo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Channing Laboratory and"},{"name":"Department of Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts;"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric C.","family":"Eichenwald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Neonatology, Texas Children's Hospital, 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