{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T00:15:02Z","timestamp":1784852102091,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Dietary vitamin B12 deficiency was identified as a cause of partially reversible optic neuropathy in 3 autistic children. All of the affected children presented with gradual visual loss. Examination revealed optic atrophy, and further questioning regarding diet revealed that all 3 children had severe food selectivity and highly stereotyped diets that resulted in an almost total lack of animal products in their diets. Vitamin B12 levels were low in all 3 children. Treatment with intramuscular vitamin B12 and normalization of vitamin B12 levels resulted in improvement of visual functioning in all 3 children. These cases illustrate that food selectivity, a known complication of autism, can result in vitamin deficiency that can cause visual loss and optic atrophy. Physicians must have a high index of suspicion when evaluating children with autism and visual loss to detect this rare cause of optic atrophy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-2975","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,21]],"date-time":"2010-09-21T03:08:32Z","timestamp":1285038512000},"page":"e967-e970","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Vitamin B12 Optic Neuropathy in Autism"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"126","author":[{"given":"Stacy L.","family":"Pineles","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuro-ophthalmology Service, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and Division of Neuro-ophthalmology, Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert A.","family":"Avery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuro-ophthalmology Service, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and Division of Neuro-ophthalmology, Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grant T.","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuro-ophthalmology Service, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and Division of Neuro-ophthalmology, Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"2021121010233356000_B1","first-page":"1","volume":"58","author":"Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network Surveillance Year 2006 Principal Investigators; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2009","journal-title":"Prevalence of autism spectrum disorders: Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, United States, 2006"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121010233356000_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-7138(09)60225-9","article-title":"A community survey of infantile autism","volume":"25","author":"Steinhausen","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121010233356000_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psc.2008.10.004","article-title":"New developments in autism","volume":"32","author":"Bertoglio","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychiatr Clin North Am"},{"issue":"22","key":"2021121010233356000_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2705","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2009.08.005","article-title":"Vision in autism spectrum disorders","volume":"49","author":"Simmons","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vision Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121010233356000_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1012221026124","article-title":"An assessment of food acceptance in children with autism or pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified","volume":"31","author":"Ahearn","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Autism Dev Disord"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121010233356000_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-2933","article-title":"Incidence of gastrointestinal symptoms in children with autism: a population-based study","volume":"124","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121010233356000_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2214.2007.00806.x","article-title":"Symptomatic nutritional rickets in a teenager with autistic spectrum disorder","volume":"34","author":"Stewart","year":"2008","journal-title":"Child Care Health Dev"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121010233356000_B8","first-page":"67","article-title":"A case of scurvy in an autistic boy","volume":"1","author":"Monks","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Drugs Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121010233356000_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607193017003284","article-title":"Symptomatic vitamin A and D deficiencies in an eight-year-old with autism","volume":"17","author":"Clark","year":"1993","journal-title":"JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr"},{"issue":"10","key":"2021121010233356000_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073809333541","article-title":"Permanent visual loss due to dietary vitamin A deficiency in an autistic adolescent","volume":"24","author":"McAbee","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Child Neurol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121010233356000_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.116.3.392","article-title":"Vitamin A deficiency and xerophthalmia in an autistic child","volume":"116","author":"Steinemann","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121010233356000_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2214.2006.00586.x","article-title":"Food faddism causing vision loss in an autistic child","volume":"32","author":"Uyanik","year":"2006","journal-title":"Child Care Health Dev"},{"key":"2021121010233356000_B13","first-page":"168","volume-title":"Visual Loss: Optic Neuropathies. 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