{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T05:55:34Z","timestamp":1791093334178,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>OBJECTIVES:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The goals were to study the association between neonatal jaundice and disorders of psychological development in a national, population-based cohort and to study whether gestational age, parity, and season of birth influenced that association.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A population-based, follow-up study of all children born alive in Denmark between 1994 and 2004 (N = 733 826) was performed, with data collected from 4 national registers. Survival analysis was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Exposure to jaundice in neonates was associated with increased risk of disorders of psychological development for children born at term. The excess risk of developing a disorder in the spectrum of psychological development disorders after exposure to jaundice as a neonate was between 56% (HR: 1.56 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05\u20132.30]) and 88% (HR: 1.88 [95% CI: 1.17\u20133.02]). The excess risk of infantile autism was 67% (HR: 1.67 [95% CI: 1.03\u20132.71]). This risk for infantile autism was higher if the child was conceived by a parous woman (HR: 2.71 [95% CI: 1.57\u20134.66]) or was born between October and March (HR: 2.21 [95% CI: 1.24\u20133.94]). The risk for infantile autism disappeared if the child was conceived by a primiparous woman (HR: 0.58 [95% CI: 0.18\u20131.83]) or was born between April and September (HR: 1.02 [95% CI: 0.41\u20132.50]). Similar risk patterns were found for the whole spectrum of autistic disorders.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Neonatal jaundice in children born at term is associated with disorders of psychological development. Parity and season of birth seem to play important roles.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-0052","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,12]],"date-time":"2010-10-12T01:11:41Z","timestamp":1286845901000},"page":"872-878","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":98,"title":["Neonatal Jaundice, Autism, and Other Disorders of Psychological Development"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"126","author":[{"given":"Rikke Damkj\u00e6r","family":"Maimburg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Epidemiology and"},{"name":"Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bodil Hammer","family":"Bech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Epidemiology and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"V\u00e6th","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bjarne","family":"M\u00f8ller-Madsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopedic Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f8rn","family":"Olsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Epidemiology and"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2021121010140115200_B1","first-page":"202","article-title":"Jaundice in the full-term newborn","volume":"32","author":"Cohen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatr Nurs"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121010140115200_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2003.09.011","article-title":"Bilirubin toxicity in the developing nervous system","volume":"29","author":"Shapiro","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121010140115200_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2003.039974","article-title":"Rehospitalisation after birth hospitalisation: patterns among infants of all gestations","volume":"90","author":"Escobar","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121010140115200_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2003.040766","article-title":"Early discharge and readmission to hospital in the first month of life in the northern region of the UK during 1998: a case cohort study","volume":"90","author":"Oddie","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121010140115200_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03404253","article-title":"Increased neonatal readmission rate associated with decreased length of hospital stay at birth in Canada","volume":"91","author":"Liu","year":"2000","journal-title":"Can J Public Health"},{"issue":"9","key":"2021121010140115200_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1080\/00016340903124917","article-title":"Obstetric outcome in Danish children with a validated diagnosis of kernicterus","volume":"88","author":"Maimburg","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"2021121010140115200_B7","volume-title":"International Classification of Diseases","author":"World Health Organization","year":"1993","edition":"10th ed"},{"issue":"6","key":"2021121010140115200_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3016.2008.00973.x","article-title":"Neonatal jaundice: a risk factor for infantile autism?","volume":"22","author":"Maimburg","year":"2008","journal-title":"Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121010140115200_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-0967","article-title":"Outcomes in a population of healthy term and near-term infants with serum bilirubin levels of \u2265325 \u03bcmol\/L (\u226519 mg\/dL) who were born in Nova Scotia, Canada, between 1994 and 2000","volume":"122","author":"Jangaard","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121010140115200_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-3582","article-title":"Can association between preterm birth and autism be explained by maternal or neonatal morbidity?","volume":"124","author":"Buchmayer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121010140115200_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-1870","article-title":"Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and risk of autism spectrum disorders","volume":"115","author":"Croen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121010140115200_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199707103370206","article-title":"Autism","volume":"337","author":"Rapin","year":"1997","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121010140115200_B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1080\/08035250410023124","article-title":"Incidence of autism spectrum disorders: changes over time and their meaning","volume":"94","author":"Rutter","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121010140115200_B14","first-page":"320","article-title":"The Danish Medical Birth Registry","volume":"45","author":"Knudsen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Dan Med Bull"},{"issue":"8","key":"2021121010140115200_B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(96)00018-2","article-title":"Validation of the Danish Birth Registration","volume":"49","author":"Kristensen","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121010140115200_B16","first-page":"263","article-title":"The Danish National Hospital Register: a valuable source of data for modern health sciences","volume":"46","author":"Andersen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Dan Med Bull"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121010140115200_B17","first-page":"82","article-title":"The Danish Psychiatric Central Register","volume":"44","author":"Munk-J\u00f8rgensen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Dan Med Bull"},{"issue":"7","key":"2021121010140115200_B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291704002387","article-title":"The incidence and prevalence of pervasive developmental disorders: a Danish population-based study","volume":"34","author":"Lauritsen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121010140115200_B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-009-0818-0","article-title":"Validity of childhood autism in the Danish Psychiatric Central Register: findings from a cohort sample born 1990\u20131999","volume":"40","author":"Lauritsen","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Autism Dev Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121010140115200_B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1996.01830010021004","article-title":"Rhesus incompatibility as a risk factor for schizophrenia in male adults","volume":"53","author":"Hollister","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"issue":"8","key":"2021121010140115200_B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1030","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2008.00879.x","article-title":"Surveillance of extreme hyperbilirubinaemia in Denmark: a method to identify the newborn infants","volume":"97","author":"Bjerre","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121010140115200_B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1992.tb00888.x","article-title":"Season of birth: issues, approaches and findings for autism","volume":"33","author":"Bolton","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121010140115200_B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1023030911527","article-title":"Season of birth in autism: a fiction revisited","volume":"29","author":"Landau","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Autism Dev Disord"},{"issue":"7030","key":"2021121010140115200_B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(58)91849-X","article-title":"Influence of light on the hyperbilirubinaemia of infants","volume":"1","author":"Cremer","year":"1958","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121010140115200_B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2006.00805.x","article-title":"Perinatal risk factors and infantile autism","volume":"114","author":"Maimburg","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121010140115200_B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.108.051672","article-title":"Prenatal risk factors for autism: comprehensive meta-analysis","volume":"195","author":"Gardener","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121010140115200_B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-1788","article-title":"Infection in the first 2 years of life and autism spectrum disorders","volume":"119","author":"Rosen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"9","key":"2021121010140115200_B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2009.03.004","article-title":"Prenatal viral infection of mice at E16 causes changes in gene expression in hippocampi of the offspring","volume":"19","author":"Fatemi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2021121010140115200_B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e6354","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0006354","article-title":"Prenatal immune challenge is an environmental risk factor for brain and behavior change relevant to schizophrenia: evidence from MRI in a mouse model","volume":"4","author":"Li","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"12","key":"2021121010140115200_B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-4887.2008.00122.x","article-title":"Gestational vitamin D deficiency: long-term effects on the brain","volume":"66","author":"Levenson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nutr Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121010140115200_B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1097\/MCO.0b013e328010ca18","article-title":"Neurosteroid hormone vitamin D and its utility in clinical nutrition","volume":"10","author":"Kalueff","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121010140115200_B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2009.11.011","article-title":"Vitamin D \u201cadvertisement","volume":"202","author":"Cannell","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121010140115200_B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-200207000-00009","article-title":"Perinatal risk factors for infantile autism","volume":"13","author":"Hultman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Epidemiology"}],"container-title":["Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/126\/5\/872\/1052681\/zpe01110000872.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/126\/5\/872\/1052681\/zpe01110000872.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,10]],"date-time":"2021-12-10T22:39:16Z","timestamp":1639175956000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article\/126\/5\/872\/65366\/Neonatal-Jaundice-Autism-and-Other-Disorders-of"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,1]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2010-0052","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-4005","1098-4275"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-4005","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-4275","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,1]]}}}