{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T21:45:55Z","timestamp":1790286355740,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Recent pesticide-monitoring results suggest that a shift in residential pesticide exposure from organophosphorus insecticides to pyrethroid insecticides has occurred. Pyrethroid insecticides are potential neurodevelopmental toxicants and have not been evaluated for developmental toxicity. Our objective was to explore the association between prenatal exposure to permethrin (a common pyrethroid) and piperonyl butoxide (a pyrethroid synergist) and 36-month neurodevelopment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants is this study were part of a prospective cohort of black and Dominican mothers and newborns living in low-income neighborhoods in New York City. We examined 36-month cognitive and motor development (using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development, second edition) as a function of permethrin levels measured in maternal and umbilical cord plasma collected on delivery and permethrin and piperonyl butoxide levels measured in personal air collected during pregnancy. All models were controlled for gender, gestational age, ethnicity, maternal education, maternal intelligence, quality of the home environment, and prenatal exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and chlorpyrifos.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prenatal exposure to permethrin in personal air and\/or plasma was not associated with performance scores for the Bayley Mental Developmental Index or the Psychomotor Developmental Index. After data adjustment, children more highly exposed to piperonyl butoxide in personal air samples (&amp;gt;4.34 ng\/m3) scored 3.9 points lower on the Mental Developmental Index than those with lower exposures (95% confidence interval: \u22120.25 to \u22127.49).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prenatal exposure to piperonyl butoxide was negatively associated with 36-month neurodevelopment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-0133","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,7]],"date-time":"2011-02-07T23:44:45Z","timestamp":1297122285000},"page":"e699-e706","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":118,"title":["Impact of Prenatal Exposure to Piperonyl Butoxide and Permethrin on 36-Month Neurodevelopment"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"127","author":[{"given":"Megan K.","family":"Horton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sergievsky Center;"},{"name":"Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Rundle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David E.","family":"Camann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dana","family":"Boyd Barr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virginia A.","family":"Rauh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin M.","family":"Whyatt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2021121007001520300_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jea.7500078","article-title":"Pesticide storage and use patterns in Minnesota households with children","volume":"10","author":"Adgate","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121007001520300_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.5619","article-title":"Exposure to indoor pesticides during pregnancy in a multiethnic, urban cohort","volume":"111","author":"Berkowitz","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"2021121007001520300_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.99107s3409","article-title":"Exposures of children to organophosphate pesticides and their potential adverse health effects","volume":"107","author":"Eskenazi","year":"1999","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121007001520300_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2009.10.022","article-title":"Organophosphorus and pyrethroid insecticide urinary metabolite concentrations in young children living in a southeastern United States city","volume":"408","author":"Naeher","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"2021121007001520300_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-069X-7-50","article-title":"Potential developmental neurotoxicity of pesticides used in Europe","volume":"7","author":"Bj\u00f8rling-Poulsen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Environ Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121007001520300_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.6414","article-title":"In utero pesticide exposure, maternal paraoxonase activity, and head circumference","volume":"112","author":"Berkowitz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"issue":"12","key":"2021121007001520300_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwm029","article-title":"Prenatal organophosphate metabolite and organochlorine levels and performance on the Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale in a multiethnic pregnancy cohort","volume":"165","author":"Engel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121007001520300_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2004.10.004","article-title":"Association between in utero organophosphate pesticide exposure and abnormal reflexes in neonates","volume":"26","author":"Young","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"issue":"6","key":"2021121007001520300_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-0338","article-title":"Impact of prenatal chlorpyrifos exposure on neurodevelopment in the first 3 years of life among inner-city children","volume":"118","author":"Rauh","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2021121007001520300_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-069X-8-18","article-title":"Longitudinal trends in organophosphate incidents reported to the National Pesticide Information Center, 1995\u20132007","volume":"8","author":"Stone","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121007001520300_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2004.11.027","article-title":"Biomarkers in assessing residential insecticide exposures during pregnancy and effects on fetal growth","volume":"206","author":"Whyatt","year":"2005","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2021121007001520300_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1681","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.11367","article-title":"Changes in pest infestation levels, self-reported pesticide use, and permethrin exposure during pregnancy after the 2000\u20132001 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency restriction of organophosphates","volume":"116","author":"Williams","year":"2008","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121007001520300_B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03160917","article-title":"Pyrethrin and pyrethroid exposures in the United States: a longitudinal analysis of incidents reported to poison centers","volume":"3","author":"Power","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Med Toxicol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121007001520300_B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.7254","article-title":"Developmental neurotoxicity of pyrethroid insecticides: critical review and future research needs","volume":"113","author":"Shafer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"2021121007001520300_B15","volume-title":"Balyey Scales of Infant Development","author":"Bayley","year":"1993","edition":"2nd ed"},{"issue":"12","key":"2021121007001520300_B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4294","DOI":"10.1021\/es8030243","article-title":"American Healthy Homes Survey: a national study of residential pesticides measured from floor wipes","volume":"43","author":"Stout","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"2021121007001520300_B17","article-title":"Characterization of residential pest control products used in inner city communities in New York City","author":"Horton","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol"},{"issue":"27","key":"2021121007001520300_B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2554","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2010.03.015","article-title":"Measurement of synthetic pyrethroid, organophosphorous, and carbamate insecticides in human plasma using isotope dilution gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry","volume":"878","author":"P\u00e9rez","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci"},{"key":"2021121007001520300_B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-4260-2_3","article-title":"Physical and chemical properties of pyrethroids","volume":"174","author":"Laskowski","year":"2002","journal-title":"Rev Environ Contam Toxicol"},{"key":"2021121007001520300_B20","first-page":"17","article-title":"Determination of pyrethroids in blood plasma and pyrethroid\/pyrethrin metabolites in urine by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and high resolution GC-MS","volume-title":"Methods in Biotechnology","author":"Leng","year":"2005"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"2021121007001520300_B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(97)05493-4","article-title":"Biological monitoring of pyrethroids in blood and pyrethroid metabolites in urine: applications and limitations","volume":"199","author":"Leng","year":"1997","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"2021121007001520300_B22","first-page":"199","article-title":"The mode of action of piperonyl butoxide with reference to studying pesticide resistance","volume-title":"Piperonyl Butoxide: The Insecticide Synergist","author":"Farnham","year":"1998"},{"key":"2021121007001520300_B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.99107s3451","article-title":"Molecular epidemiologic research on the effects of environmental pollutants on the fetus","volume":"107","author":"Perera","year":"1999","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121007001520300_B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.5742","article-title":"Effects of transplacental exposure to environmental pollutants on birth outcomes in a multiethnic population","volume":"111","author":"Perera","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121007001520300_B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.5768","article-title":"Contemporary-use pesticides in personal air samples during pregnancy and blood samples at delivery among urban minority mothers and newborns","volume":"111","author":"Whyatt","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121007001520300_B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.02110507","article-title":"Residential pesticide use during pregnancy among a cohort of urban minority women","volume":"110","author":"Whyatt","year":"2002","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121007001520300_B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.9546","article-title":"Within- and between-home variability in indoor-air insecticide levels during pregnancy among an inner-city cohort from New York City","volume":"115","author":"Whyatt","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"2021121007001520300_B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.02110507","article-title":"Residential pesticide use during pregnancy among a cohort of urban minority women","volume":"5","author":"Whyatt","year":"2002","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"2021121007001520300_B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-46870-4_3","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology of environmental carcinogenesis","volume":"154","author":"Perera","year":"1998","journal-title":"Recent Results Cancer Res"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"2021121007001520300_B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4347(01)00444-3","article-title":"A multi-analyte method for the quantification of contemporary pesticides in human serum and plasma using high-resolution mass spectrometry","volume":"778","author":"Barr","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121007001520300_B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.87.2.219","article-title":"Low-level lead exposure and children's cognitive function in the preschool years","volume":"87","author":"Bellinger","year":"1991","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121007001520300_B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-483X(01)00569-8","article-title":"Mechanisms of pyrethroid neurotoxicity: implications for cumulative risk assessment","volume":"171","author":"Soderlund","year":"2002","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"2021121007001520300_B33","volume-title":"Test of Non-verbal Intelligence: A Language-Free Measure of Cognitive Ability","author":"Brown","year":"1990","edition":"2nd ed"},{"key":"2021121007001520300_B34","volume-title":"Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment","author":"Caldwell","year":"1979"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121007001520300_B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.25.2.217","article-title":"Home-environment and cognitive-development in the 1st 3 years of life: a collaborative study involving 6 sites and 3 ethnic-groups in North America","volume":"25","author":"Bradely","year":"1989","journal-title":"Dev Psychol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2021121007001520300_B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/0892-0362(88)90084-0","article-title":"Low-level lead exposure, social class, and infant development","volume":"10","author":"Bellinger","year":"1988","journal-title":"Neurotoxicol Teratol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121007001520300_B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1080\/0265203021000050617","article-title":"Reproductive and neurobehavioural effects of piperonyl butoxide administered to mice in the diet","volume":"20","author":"Tanaka","year":"2003","journal-title":"Food Addit Contam"},{"key":"2021121007001520300_B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.761429","article-title":"Methylenedioxyphenyl insecticide synergists as potential human health hazards","volume":"14","author":"Franklin","year":"1976","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"2021121007001520300_B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2007.03.025","article-title":"Possible involvement of oxidative stress in piperonyl butoxide induced hepatocarcinogenesis in rats","volume":"236","author":"Muguruma","year":"2007","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121007001520300_B40","first-page":"43","article-title":"Cognitive and motor score differences in biologically at-risk infants","volume":"18","author":"Aylward","year":"1995","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2021121007001520300_B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1992.tb11494.x","article-title":"Instability of the intelligence quotient-motor quotient relationship","volume":"34","author":"Cole","year":"1992","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2021121007001520300_B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9924(00)00033-2","article-title":"Expressive language development of children exposed to cocaine prenatally: literature review and report of a prospective cohort study","volume":"33","author":"Delaney-Black","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Commun Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121007001520300_B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1097\/00004703-199502000-00005","article-title":"Cocaine-exposed children: follow-up through 30 months","volume":"16","author":"Hurt","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Dev Behav Pediatr"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121007001520300_B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ntt.2004.01.002","article-title":"Developmental effects of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and material hardship among inner-city children","volume":"26","author":"Rauh","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurotoxicol Teratol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121007001520300_B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579497001259","article-title":"Relationship of prenatal cocaine exposure and maternal postpartum psychological distress to child developmental outcome","volume":"9","author":"Singer","year":"1997","journal-title":"Dev Psychopathol"}],"container-title":["Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/127\/3\/e699\/909594\/zpe0031100e699.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/127\/3\/e699\/909594\/zpe0031100e699.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,5]],"date-time":"2023-06-05T00:23:45Z","timestamp":1685924625000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article\/127\/3\/e699\/64996\/Impact-of-Prenatal-Exposure-to-Piperonyl-Butoxide"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,1]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2010-0133","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-4005","1098-4275"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-4005","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-4275","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,1]]}}}