{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T21:47:07Z","timestamp":1790804827048,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Uncertainty continues regarding the extent to which neonatal morbidities predict poor long-term outcome and functional abilities in extremely preterm infants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>OBJECTIVE:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The goal of this study was to determine the impact of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), ultrasonographic signs of brain injury, and severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) on 11-year outcomes in infants born at &amp;lt;26 weeks' gestation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 247 infants were born alive before 26 completed weeks of gestation from 1990 through 1992 in all of Sweden, and 98 (40%) survived to a postmenstrual age of 36 weeks. Main outcome measures were (1) poor outcome, defined as combined end point of death after 36 weeks' postmenstrual age or survival with at least 1 major disability at 11 years, and (2) consequences of chronic conditions in the survivors according to a validated instrument administered to parents.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Brain injury and severe ROP but not BPD correlated independently with poor outcome at 11 years of age. Among children who were free from BPD, brain injury, and severe ROP, 10% had a poor outcome. Corresponding rates with any 1, any 2, and all 3 neonatal morbidities were 19%, 58%, and 80%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that brain injury and severe ROP were associated with high rates of consequences of chronic conditions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title><jats:p>In infants born extremely preterm who survive to a postmenstrual age of 36 weeks, severe ROP and brain injury separately predict the risk of death or major disability at 11 years of age. Thus, continued research to determine how to prevent these complications of prematurity is critical.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-0806","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,12]],"date-time":"2011-04-12T09:53:42Z","timestamp":1302602022000},"page":"e1247-e1257","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Impact at Age 11 Years of Major Neonatal Morbidities in Children Born Extremely Preterm"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"127","author":[{"given":"Aijaz","family":"Farooqi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"H\u00e4ggl\u00f6f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University Hospital Ume\u00e5, Ume\u00e5, Sweden; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gunnar","family":"Sedin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health, Section for Pediatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fredrik","family":"Serenius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health, Section for Pediatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2021121006550927000_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-2247","article-title":"Neurodevelopmental outcomes of extremely low birth weight infants &lt;32 weeks' gestation between 1993 and 1998","volume":"116","author":"Vohr","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121006550927000_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-1162","article-title":"Lasting effects of preterm birth and neonatal brain hemorrhage at 12 years of age","volume":"123","author":"Luu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"6","key":"2021121006550927000_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.95.6.837","article-title":"Province-based study of neurologic disability of children weighing 500 through 1249 grams at birth in relation to neonatal cerebral ultrasound findings","volume":"95","author":"Aziz","year":"1995","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121006550927000_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009671","article-title":"Associations between family history of asthma, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and childhood asthma in very low birth weight children","volume":"148","author":"Evans","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121006550927000_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.109.1.12","article-title":"Long-term ophthalmic outcome of low birth weight children with and without retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"109","author":"O'Connor","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"9","key":"2021121006550927000_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1124","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.9.1124","article-title":"Impact of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, brain injury, and severe retinopathy on the outcome of extremely low-birth weight infants at 18 months: results from the trial of indomethacin prophylaxis in preterms","volume":"289","author":"Schmidt","year":"2003","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"7","key":"2021121006550927000_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.154.7.725","article-title":"Neurodevelopment and predictors of outcomes of children with birth weights of less than 1000 g: 1992\u20131995","volume":"154","author":"Hack","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121006550927000_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/S0095-5108(05)70027-0","article-title":"Functional outcomes in self-care, mobility, communication, and learning in extremely low-birth weight infants","volume":"27","author":"Msall","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Perinatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121006550927000_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1017\/S0012162299000110","article-title":"Evaluating research in developmental disabilities: a conceptual framework for reviewing treatment outcomes","volume":"41","author":"Butler","year":"1999","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121006550927000_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.113.4.790","article-title":"Educational and social competencies at 8 years in children with threshold retinopathy of prematurity in the CRYO-ROP multicenter study","volume":"113","author":"Msall","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"1 pt 1","key":"2021121006550927000_B11","article-title":"Survival and long-term neurodevelopmental outcome of extremely premature infants born at 23\u201326 weeks' gestational age at a tertiary care center","volume":"113","author":"Hoekstra","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121006550927000_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-3782(00)00094-3","article-title":"Looking back in time: outcome of a national cohort of very preterm infants born in the Netherlands in 1983","volume":"59","author":"Walther","year":"2000","journal-title":"Early Hum Dev"},{"issue":"6","key":"2021121006550927000_B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/20.6.703","article-title":"Achievement in children with birth weights less than 750 grams with normal cognitive abilities: evidence for specific learning disabilities","volume":"20","author":"Taylor","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Pediatr Psychol"},{"issue":"8","key":"2021121006550927000_B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1996.02170330016003","article-title":"Extremely low-birth-weight children and their peers. A comparison of school-age outcomes","volume":"150","author":"Halsey","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"2021121006550927000_B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-0932","article-title":"Psychosocial and academic characteristics of extremely low birth weight (\u2264800 g) adolescents who are free of major impairment compared with term-born control subjects","volume":"114","author":"Grunau","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121006550927000_B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.105.2.325","article-title":"School difficulties at adolescence in a regional cohort of children who were extremely low birth weight","volume":"105","author":"Saigal","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"10","key":"2021121006550927000_B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1998.tb01413.x","article-title":"Neurosensory outcome and growth at three years in extremely low birthweight infants: follow-up results from the Swedish national prospective study","volume":"87","author":"Finnstr\u00f6m","year":"1998","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121006550927000_B18","article-title":"Chronic conditions, functional limitations and special health care needs in 10- to 12-year-old children born at 23 to 25 weeks' gestation in the 1990s: a Swedish national prospective follow-up study","volume":"118","author":"Farooqi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121006550927000_B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-2988","article-title":"Mental health and social competencies in 10- to 12-year-old children born at 23\u201325 weeks of gestation in the 1990s: a Swedish national prospective follow-up study","volume":"120","author":"Farooqi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121006550927000_B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1997.tb08921.x","article-title":"The Swedish national prospective study on extremely lowbirthweight (ELBW) infants: incidence, mortality, morbidity and survival in relation to level of care","volume":"86","author":"Finnstr\u00f6m","year":"1997","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121006550927000_B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.82.4.527","article-title":"Abnormal pulmonary outcomes in premature infants: prediction from oxygen requirement in the neonatal period","volume":"82","author":"Shennan","year":"1988","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121006550927000_B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(78)80282-0","article-title":"Incidence and evolution of subependymal and intraventricular haemorrhage: a study of infants with birth weights less than 1,500 gm","volume":"92","author":"Papile","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"8","key":"2021121006550927000_B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1984.01040030908011","article-title":"An international classification of retinopathy of prematurity. Committee for the Classification of Retinopathy of Prematurity","volume":"102","year":"1984","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121006550927000_B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.99.4.513","article-title":"The Questionnaire for Identifying Children With Chronic Conditions: a measure based on a noncategorical approach","volume":"99","author":"Stein","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2021121006550927000_B25","unstructured":"Berntsson\u2008L, K\u00f6hler\u2008L. Health and Wellbeing of Children in Five Nordic Countries in 1984 and 1996\u2008[doctoral thesis]. Gothenburg, Sweden: Nordic School of Public Health; 2000"},{"issue":"10","key":"2021121006550927000_B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1998.tb12324.x","article-title":"Cognitive and educational outcome of very-low-birthweight children in early adolescence","volume":"40","author":"Botting","year":"1998","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2021121006550927000_B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617704107078","article-title":"Long-term neuropsychological outcomes of very low birth weight: associations with early risks for periventricular brain insults","volume":"10","author":"Taylor","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Int Neuropsychol Soc"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121006550927000_B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.106.5.998","article-title":"Severity of neonatal retinopathy of prematurity is predictive of neurodevelopmental functional outcome at age 5.5 years","volume":"106","author":"Msall","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121006550927000_B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.108.1.134","article-title":"Outcome at 5 years of age of children 23 to 27 weeks' gestation: refining the prognosis","volume":"108","author":"Doyle","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"6","key":"2021121006550927000_B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2008.12.036","article-title":"Neurosensory disabilities at school age in geographic cohorts of extremely low birth weight children born between the 1970s and the 1990s","volume":"154","author":"Roberts","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"2021121006550927000_B31","volume-title":"ICF: International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2001"},{"key":"2021121006550927000_B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S46","DOI":"10.1053\/apmr.2000.20624","article-title":"Measures of outcomes for children and youth","volume":"81","author":"Lollar","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121006550927000_B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1002\/mrdd.10046","article-title":"Measuring functional outcomes after prematurity: developmental impact of very low birth weight and extremely low birth weight status on childhood disability","volume":"8","author":"Msall","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ment Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121006550927000_B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2006.09.014","article-title":"Trends in neonatal morbidity and mortality for very low birthweight infants","volume":"196","author":"Fanaroff","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121006550927000_B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F128","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2003.046268","article-title":"Changes in mortality and morbidity among infants born at less than 25 weeks during the post-surfactant era","volume":"90","author":"Hintz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"issue":"8","key":"2021121006550927000_B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2004.tb02721.x","article-title":"Short-term outcome after active perinatal management at 23\u201325 weeks of gestation: a study from two Swedish tertiary care centres. Part 2: infant survival","volume":"93","author":"Serenius","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121006550927000_B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1053\/siny.2001.0065","article-title":"Perinatal glucocorticoid therapy and neurodevelopmental outcome: an epidemiologic perspective","volume":"6","author":"O'Shea","year":"2001","journal-title":"Semin Neonatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121006550927000_B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-1416","article-title":"Improved neurodevelopmental outcomes of extremely low birth weight infants in 2000\u20132002","volume":"119","author":"Wilson-Costello","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"6","key":"2021121006550927000_B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1645","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-2215","article-title":"Changes in neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18 to 22 months' corrected age among infants of 25 weeks' gestational age born in 1993\u20131999","volume":"115","author":"Hintz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121006550927000_B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-1150","article-title":"Early-childhood neurodevelopmental outcomes are not improving for infants born at &lt;25 weeks' gestational age","volume":"127","author":"Hintz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"9","key":"2021121006550927000_B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2010.07.009","article-title":"Predicting neurosensory disabilities at 2 years of age in a national cohort of extremely premature infants","volume":"86","author":"Leversen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Early Hum Dev"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121006550927000_B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1097\/00004703-200102000-00002","article-title":"Cognition, academic progress, behavior and self-concept at 14 years of very low birth weight children","volume":"22","author":"Rickards","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Dev Behav Pediatr"},{"issue":"9","key":"2021121006550927000_B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/jsj108","article-title":"A longitudinal study of reading skills among very-low-birthweight children: is there a catch-up?","volume":"31","author":"Samuelsson","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Pediatr Psychol"},{"issue":"21","key":"2021121006550927000_B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2225","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.771","article-title":"One-year survival of extremely preterm infants after active perinatal care in Sweden","volume":"301","author":"EXPRESS Group","year":"2009","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2021121006550927000_B45","article-title":"EPICure 2: survival and early morbidity of extremely preterm babies in England: changes since 1995 [abstract]","author":"Costeloe"},{"issue":"7","key":"2021121006550927000_B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1996.tb14164.x","article-title":"Intrauterine growth curves based on ultrasonically estimated foetal weights","volume":"85","author":"Mars\u00e1l","year":"1996","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"}],"container-title":["Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/127\/5\/e1247\/907551\/zpe005110e1247.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/127\/5\/e1247\/907551\/zpe005110e1247.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,6]],"date-time":"2023-06-06T07:43:58Z","timestamp":1686037438000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article\/127\/5\/e1247\/64879\/Impact-at-Age-11-Years-of-Major-Neonatal"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,1]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2010-0806","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-4005","1098-4275"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-4005","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-4275","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,1]]}}}