{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T12:55:40Z","timestamp":1791032140592,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,1]]},"abstract":"\n BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n There is little epidemiologic evidence to assess the maturation of respiratory control in premature infants.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n OBJECTIVE:<\/jats:title>\n To measure the success rate or the percentage of infants who have no additional events of various apnea- or bradycardia-free intervals after correcting for gestational age, postmenstrual age of the last apnea or bradycardia event, and the severity of the event.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n This was a retrospective cohort study of infants born at 34 weeks' gestational age or earlier at 1 of 5 Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program hospitals between 1998 and 2001. The success rates of various apnea- or bradycardia-free intervals were calculated after stratifying according to gestational age, postmenstrual age of the last event, or event severity.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n Among the 1403 infants identified in this study, 84.2% did not have an apnea event and 78.5% did not have a bradycardia event after they were otherwise ready for discharge. For the entire cohort, a 95% success rate was statistically reached, with a 7-day apnea- or bradycardia-free interval. Infants with a gestational age of 30 weeks or less had a 5% to 15% lower success rate than infants with a gestational age more than 30 weeks for any given apnea- or bradycardia-free interval. The success rate was reduced by an additional 5% to 10% if the last apnea or bradycardia event occurred at a postmenstrual age of more than 36 weeks. Including only the most severe events slightly improved the success rate of a given interval.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n The risk of recurrence for apnea or bradycardia differs depending on the gestational age of the infant and the postmenstrual age of the last apnea or bradycardia event.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-1567","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,11]],"date-time":"2011-07-11T22:40:52Z","timestamp":1310424052000},"page":"e366-e373","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Epidemiology of Apnea and Bradycardia Resolution in Premature Infants"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"128","author":[{"given":"Scott A.","family":"Lorch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, and"},{"name":"Center for Outcomes Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania;"},{"name":"Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lakshmi","family":"Srinivasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel J.","family":"Escobar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Systems Research Initiative and Perinatal Research Unit, Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, California; and"},{"name":"Department of Inpatient Pediatrics, Kaiser Permanente Medical Centers, Walnut Creek and Antioch, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021120823434987300_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-2174","article-title":"Hospital discharge of the high-risk neonate","volume":"122","author":"American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Fetus and Newborn","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021120823434987300_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-2568","article-title":"Infant functional status: the timing of physiologic maturation of premature infants","volume":"123","author":"Bakewell-Sachs","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021120823434987300_B3","first-page":"273","article-title":"The effect of gestational age on the incidence and duration of recurrent apnoea in newborn babies","volume":"17","author":"Henderson-Smart","year":"1981","journal-title":"Aust Paediatr J"},{"issue":"3 pt 1","key":"2021120823434987300_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.100.3.354","article-title":"Apnea frequently persists beyond term gestation in infants delivered at 24 to 28 weeks","volume":"100","author":"Eichenwald","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"17","key":"2021120823434987300_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2199","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.285.17.2199","article-title":"Cardiorespiratory events recorded on home monitors: comparison of healthy infants with those at increased risk for SIDS","volume":"285","author":"Ramanathan","year":"2001","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021120823434987300_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.100.5.795","article-title":"Margin of safety for discharge after apnea in preterm infants","volume":"100","author":"Darnall","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"6","key":"2021120823434987300_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2007.04.052","article-title":"Racial differences in the use of respiratory medications in premature infants after discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit","volume":"151","author":"Lorch","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021120823434987300_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1177\/0009922809336358","article-title":"Antibiotic use in premature infants after discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit","volume":"49","author":"Lorch","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Pediatr (Phila)"},{"issue":"2 pt 1","key":"2021120823434987300_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-6773.2008.00938.x","article-title":"Time to send the preemie home? 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