{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T13:24:23Z","timestamp":1791897863423,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) is an effective therapy for pulmonary hypertension and hypoxic respiratory failure in term infants. Fourteen randomized controlled trials (n = 3430 infants) have been conducted on preterm infants at risk for chronic lung disease (CLD). The study results seem contradictory.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DESIGN\/METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Individual-patient data meta-analysis included randomized controlled trials of preterm infants (&amp;lt;37 weeks' gestation). Outcomes were adjusted for trial differences and correlation between siblings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data from 3298 infants in 12 trials (96%) were analyzed. There was no statistically significant effect of iNO on death or CLD (59% vs 61%: relative risk [RR]: 0.96 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.92\u20131.01]; P = .11) or severe neurologic events on imaging (25% vs 23%: RR: 1.12 [95% CI: 0.98\u20131.28]; P = .09). There were no statistically significant differences in iNO effect according to any of the patient-level characteristics tested. In trials that used a starting iNO dose of &amp;gt;5 vs \u22645 ppm there was evidence of improved outcome (interaction P = .02); however, these differences were not observed at other levels of exposure to iNO. This result was driven primarily by 1 trial, which also differed according to overall dose, duration, timing, and indication for treatment; a significant reduction in death or CLD (RR: 0.85 [95% CI: 0.74\u20130.98]) was found.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Routine use of iNO for treatment of respiratory failure in preterm infants cannot be recommended. The use of a higher starting dose might be associated with improved outcome, but because there were differences in the designs of these trials, it requires further examination.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-2725","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,20]],"date-time":"2011-09-20T01:17:35Z","timestamp":1316481455000},"page":"729-739","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":132,"title":["Inhaled Nitric Oxide in Preterm Infants: An Individual-Patient Data Meta-analysis of Randomized Trials"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"128","author":[{"given":"Lisa M.","family":"Askie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Health and Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta A.","family":"Ballard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of California at San Francisco, School of Medicine, San Francisco, California;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary R.","family":"Cutter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Dani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Neonatology, Department of Surgical and Medical Critical Care, Careggi University Hospital of Florence, Florence, Italy;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Elbourne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Field","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Science, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Michel","family":"Hascoet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatology, Maternite Regionale Universitaire, Nancy, France;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna Maria","family":"Hibbs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University and Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John P.","family":"Kinsella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Christophe","family":"Mercier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, H\u00f4pital Robert Debr\u00e9, Universit\u00e9 Paris-7 Denis Diderot, Paris, France;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wade","family":"Rich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology, University of California, San Diego, California;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael D.","family":"Schreiber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pimol (Srisuparp)","family":"Wongsiridej","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nim V.","family":"Subhedar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Unit, Liverpool Women's Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krisa P.","family":"Van Meurs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatal and Developmental Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine and Lucile Salter Packard Children's Hospital, Palo Alto, California;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Merryn","family":"Voysey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Health and Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keith","family":"Barrington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ste-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; 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