{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T12:51:08Z","timestamp":1792673468706,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>OBJECTIVE:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We hypothesized that maternal diabetes mellitus (DM) increases the risk for mortality, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), and major complications of prematurity.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Analysis of prospectively collected (1995\u20132007) Israel National Very Low Birth Weight Infant Database. Maternal DM was recorded as pregestational or gestational. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to assess the independent effect of maternal DM status on infant mortality, RDS, and other complications of prematurity.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Infants of mothers with pregestational (n = 120) and gestational (n = 825) DM were similar, and their data were pooled for analyses. Mothers with DM were more likely to have received a complete course of prenatal steroids than control mothers. Infants of diabetic mothers (IDM) had a slightly higher gestational age and birthweight than non-IDM's. Distribution of birthweight percentiles and the mean birthweight z scores were similar. Apgar scores were statistically higher in the IDM group. There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in terms of delivery room mortality, RDS, and other major complications of prematurity. Total mortality and bronchopulmonary dysplasia rates were significantly higher in the nondiabetic group. The adjusted odds ratios for mortality, RDS, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, intraventricular hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia, retinopathy of prematurity, necrotizing enterocolitis, and patent ductus arteriosus were not significantly increased in the IDM group.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>With modern management and adequate prenatal care, IDM born very low birthweight do not seem to be at an excess risk of developing RDS or other major complications of prematurity compared with non-IDM.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-3443","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,20]],"date-time":"2011-09-20T05:17:35Z","timestamp":1316495855000},"page":"e848-e855","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["Impact of Maternal Diabetes Mellitus on Mortality and Morbidity of Preterm Infants (24\u201333 Weeks' Gestation)"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"128","author":[{"given":"Yoram","family":"Bental","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology, Laniado Hospital, Divrei Chaim St., Netanya, 42150, Israel;"},{"name":"Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Reichman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women and Children's Health Research Unit, Gertner Institute, Tel-Hashomer, Israel;"},{"name":"Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yakov","family":"Shiff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology, Laniado Hospital, Divrei Chaim St., Netanya, 42150, Israel;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meir","family":"Weisbrod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology, Laniado Hospital, Divrei Chaim St., Netanya, 42150, Israel;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Boyko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women and Children's Health Research Unit, Gertner Institute, Tel-Hashomer, Israel;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liat","family":"Lerner-Geva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women and Children's Health Research Unit, Gertner Institute, Tel-Hashomer, Israel;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francis B.","family":"Mimouni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; and"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"in Collaboration With the Israel Neonatal Network","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"2021120823464986600_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(71)90495-9","article-title":"Risk of respiratory distress syndrome related to gestational age, route of delivery, and maternal diabetes","volume":"111","author":"Usher","year":"1971","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2021120823464986600_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197602122940702","article-title":"Association between maternal diabetes and the respiratory-distress syndrome in the newborn","volume":"294","author":"Robert","year":"1976","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021120823464986600_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-198503000-00001","article-title":"Fetal lung development in the diabetic pregnancy","volume":"19","author":"Bourbon","year":"1985","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021120823464986600_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(76)90468-3","article-title":"Respiratory distress syndrome with mature lecithin\/sphingomyelin ratios: diabetes mellitus and low Apgar scores","volume":"126","author":"Cruz","year":"1976","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021120823464986600_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1515\/JPEM.2008.21.1.17","article-title":"Leptin, insulin, and glucose serum levels in large-for-gestational-age infants of diabetic and non-diabetic mothers","volume":"21","author":"Vela-Huerta","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2021120823464986600_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1186\/rr191","article-title":"Insulin utilizes the PI 3-kinase pathway to inhibit SP-A gene expression in lung epithelial cells","volume":"3","author":"Miakotina","year":"2002","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021120823464986600_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-4781(98)00121-3","article-title":"Insulin inhibits surfactant protein A and B gene expression in the H441 cell line","volume":"23","author":"Miakotina","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021120823464986600_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199510000-00007","article-title":"The combined effects of insulin and cortisol on surfactant protein mRNA levels","volume":"38","author":"Dekowski","year":"1995","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021120823464986600_B9","first-page":"191","article-title":"Respiratory distress syndrome in infants of diabetic mothers in the 1980s: no direct adverse effect of maternal diabetes with modern management","volume":"69","author":"Mimouni","year":"1987","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021120823464986600_B10","first-page":"94","article-title":"Surfactant associated protein (SAP-35) in amniotic fluid from diabetic and nondiabetic pregnancies","volume":"70","author":"McMahan","year":"1987","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021120823464986600_B11","first-page":"CD000510","article-title":"Prophylactic versus selective use of surfactant in preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm infants","author":"Soll","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"21","key":"2021120823464986600_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1970","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0911783","article-title":"Early CPAP versus surfactant in extremely preterm infants","volume":"362","author":"SUPPORT Study Group of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver NICHD Neonatal Research Network","year":"2010","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021120823464986600_B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2006.12.004","article-title":"Candidal versus bacterial late-onset sepsis in very low birthweight infants in Israel: a national survey","volume":"65","author":"Makhoul","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect"},{"key":"2021120823464986600_B14","volume-title":"Vermont Oxford Network Database Manual of Operations, Release 2.0","year":"1993"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021120823464986600_B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.108.2.e35","article-title":"A new and improved population-based Canadian reference for birth weight for gestational age","volume":"108","author":"Kramer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021120823464986600_B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-197801000-00001","article-title":"Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis: therapeutic decisions based upon clinical staging","volume":"187","author":"Bell","year":"1978","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021120823464986600_B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(78)80282-0","article-title":"Incidence and evolution of subependymal and intraventricular hemorrhage: a study of infants with birth weights less than 1500 gm","volume":"92","author":"Papile","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"5 pt 2","key":"2021120823464986600_B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(79)80442-4","article-title":"Bronchopulmonary dysplasia: clinical presentation","volume":"95","author":"Bancalari","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021120823464986600_B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2006.05.002","article-title":"Definitions and diagnostic criteria for bronchopulmonary dysplasia","volume":"30","author":"Bancalari","year":"2006","journal-title":"Semin Perinatol"},{"issue":"8","key":"2021120823464986600_B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1984.01040030908011","article-title":"An international classification of retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"102","author":"Committee for the Classification of Retinopathy of Prematurity","year":"1984","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021120823464986600_B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(89)90536-X","article-title":"Early pregnancy glycosylated hemoglobin, severity of diabetes, and fetal malformations","volume":"161","author":"Lucas","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2021120823464986600_B22","first-page":"36","article-title":"Diabetes Mellitus","volume-title":"Medical Complications During Pregnancy","author":"Felig","year":"1982"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021120823464986600_B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-999718","article-title":"Serum unconjugated estriols in insulin-dependent diabetic pregnancies: normative data and clinical relevance","volume":"5","author":"Miodovnik","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Perinatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021120823464986600_B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8545(05)70247-3","article-title":"Fetal surveillance and timing of delivery in pregnancy complicated by diabetes mellitus","volume":"23","author":"Landon","year":"1996","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021120823464986600_B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1097\/GRF.0b013e31815a63cc","article-title":"Antepartum fetal surveillance and timing of delivery in the pregnancy complicated by diabetes mellitus","volume":"50","author":"Graves","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2021120823464986600_B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2007.12.015","article-title":"Achieving better outcomes in pregnancies complicated by type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"29","author":"Kinsley","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Ther"},{"issue":"11","key":"2021120823464986600_B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1080\/14767050600863376","article-title":"Insulins and oral hypoglycemic agents in pregnancy","volume":"19","author":"Homko","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"2021120823464986600_B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S33","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2009.0187","article-title":"Insulin pumps and their use in pregnancy","volume":"12","author":"Wollitzer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetes Technol Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021120823464986600_B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-999750","article-title":"Management of the insulin-dependent diabetic during labor and delivery. Influences on neonatal outcome","volume":"4","author":"Miodovnik","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Perinatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021120823464986600_B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1515\/JPM.2008.032","article-title":"Guideline for the use of antenatal corticosteroids for fetal maturation","volume":"36","author":"Miracle","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Perinat Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021120823464986600_B31","first-page":"CD004454","article-title":"Antenatal corticosteroids for accelerating fetal lung maturation for women at risk of preterm birth","author":"Roberts","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"2021120823464986600_B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1515\/JPM.2009.126","article-title":"Delivery mode for the extremely premature fetus: a statement of the prematurity working group of the World Association of Perinatal Medicine","volume":"37","author":"Skupski","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Perinat Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021120823464986600_B33","first-page":"514","article-title":"Hypertension during pregnancy in insulin-dependent diabetic women","volume":"77","author":"Siddiqi","year":"1991","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2021120823464986600_B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.51.9.674","article-title":"Prolonged rupture of membranes, pre-eclamptic toxaemia, and respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"51","author":"Chiswick","year":"1976","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"}],"container-title":["Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/128\/4\/e848\/1056201\/zpe0101100e848.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/128\/4\/e848\/1056201\/zpe0101100e848.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,9]],"date-time":"2021-12-09T04:59:47Z","timestamp":1639025987000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article\/128\/4\/e848\/30743\/Impact-of-Maternal-Diabetes-Mellitus-on-Mortality"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,1]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2010-3443","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-4005","1098-4275"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-4005","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-4275","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,1]]}}}