{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T15:15:28Z","timestamp":1791904528465,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>There are limited data on the epidemiology of serious injuries due to physical abuse of children.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We used the 2006 Kids\u2019 Inpatient Database to estimate the incidence of hospitalizations due to serious physical abuse among children &amp;lt;18 years of age. Abuse was defined by using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes for injuries (800\u2013959) and for physical abuse (995.50, 995.54, 995.55, or 995.59), selected assault codes (E960-966, 968), or child battering (E967). We examined demographic characteristics, mean costs, and length of stay in 3 groups of hospitalized children: abusive injuries, nonabusive injuries, and all other reasons for hospitalization. Incidence was calculated using the weighted number of cases of physical abuse and the number of children at risk based on 2006 intercensal data.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The weighted number of cases due to abuse was 4569; the incidence was 6.2 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.5\u20136.9) per 100\u2009000 children &amp;lt;18 years of age. The incidence was highest in children &amp;lt;1 year of age (58.2 per 100\u2009000; 95% CI: 51.0\u201365.3) and even higher in infants covered by Medicaid (133.1 per 100\u2009000; 95% CI: 115.2\u2013151.0 [or 1 in 752 infants]). Overall, there were 300 children who died in the hospital due to physical abuse.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This is the first study to provide national US data on the occurrence of serious injuries due to physical abuse in hospitalized children. Data from the 2006 Kids\u2019 Inpatient Database on hospitalizations due to serious physical abuse can be used to track trends over time and the effects of prevention programs on serious physical abuse.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-1277","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,7]],"date-time":"2012-02-07T04:56:57Z","timestamp":1328590617000},"page":"458-464","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":108,"title":["Using US Data to Estimate the Incidence of Serious Physical Abuse in Children"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"129","author":[{"given":"John M.","family":"Leventhal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimberly D.","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics and"},{"name":"Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie R.","family":"Gaither","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021120903012373700_B1","volume-title":"Child Maltreatment 2006","author":"US Department of Health and Human Services, Administration on Children, Youth and Families","year":"2008"},{"key":"2021120903012373700_B2","volume-title":"Fourth National Incidence Study of Child Abuse and Neglect (NIS-4): Report to Congress","author":"Sedlak","year":"2010"},{"key":"2021120903012373700_B3","unstructured":"Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Overview of the Kids\u2019 Inpatient Database (KID). Available at: www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov\/kidoverview.jsp. Accessed October 1, 2008"},{"key":"2021120903012373700_B4","volume-title":"International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification","author":"National Center for Health Statistics","year":"1999"},{"key":"2021120903012373700_B5","unstructured":"Cost-to Charge Ratio Files. 2006 Kids\u2019 User Guide. Available at: www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov\/db\/state\/costtocharge.jsp#how. Accessed December 14, 2010"},{"key":"2021120903012373700_B6","unstructured":"US Census Bureau. Population estimates. Available at: www.census.gov\/popest\/states\/files\/SC-EST2006-AGESEX_RES.csv. Accessed December 8, 2008"},{"key":"2021120903012373700_B7","unstructured":"U.S. Census Bureau. Health Insurance Coverage Status and Type of Coverage\u2014Children Under 18 by Age: 1999 to 2009. Available at: www.census.gov\/hhes\/www\/hlthins\/data\/historical\/index.html. Accessed March 2, 2011"},{"key":"2021120903012373700_B8","unstructured":"Russo CA, Hambrick MM, Owens PL. Hospital stays related to child maltreatment. Statistical Brief #49, Agency for Health Care Research and Quality; 2008. Available at: www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov\/reports\/statbriefs\/sb49.jsp. Accessed September 7, 2010"},{"key":"2021120903012373700_B9","unstructured":"Wang C, Holton J. Total Estimated Cost of Child Abuse and Neglect in the United States. Chicago, IL: Prevent Child Abuse America; 2007. Available at: http\/\/member.preventchildabuse.org\/site\/DocServer\/cost_analysis.pdf?docID=144. 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