{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T14:23:35Z","timestamp":1790173415746,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>This Policy Statement was retired January 2015.<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines for the prevention of perinatal group B streptococcal (GBS) disease were initially published in 1996. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) also published a policy statement on this topic in 1997. In 2002, the CDC published revised guidelines that recommended universal antenatal GBS screening; the AAP endorsed these guidelines and published recommendations based on them in the 2003 Red Book. Since then, the incidence of early-onset GBS disease in neonates has decreased by an estimated 80%. However, in 2010, GBS disease remained the leading cause of early-onset neonatal sepsis. The CDC issued revised guidelines in 2010 based on evaluation of data generated after 2002. These revised and comprehensive guidelines, which have been endorsed by the AAP, reaffirm the major prevention strategy\u2014universal antenatal GBS screening and intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis for culture-positive and high-risk women\u2014and include new recommendations for laboratory methods for identification of GBS colonization during pregnancy, algorithms for screening and intrapartum prophylaxis for women with preterm labor and premature rupture of membranes, updated prophylaxis recommendations for women with a penicillin allergy, and a revised algorithm for the care of newborn infants. The purpose of this policy statement is to review and discuss the differences between the 2002 and 2010 CDC guidelines that are most relevant for the practice of pediatrics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-1466","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,2]],"date-time":"2011-08-02T00:37:17Z","timestamp":1312245437000},"page":"611-616","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":92,"title":["Recommendations for the Prevention of Perinatal Group B Streptococcal (GBS) Disease"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"128","author":[{"given":"Carol J.","family":"Baker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carrie L.","family":"Byington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard A.","family":"Polin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Committee on Infectious Diseases and Committee on Fetus and Newborn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2023092514503368700_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(78)80623-4","article-title":"Early onset group B streptococcal disease","volume":"93","author":"Baker","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023092514503368700_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(73)80606-7","article-title":"Suppurative meningitis due to streptococci of Lancefield group B: a study of 33 infants","volume":"82","author":"Baker","year":"1973","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"6","key":"2023092514503368700_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(73)80524-4","article-title":"Transmission of group B streptococci among parturient women and their neonates","volume":"83","author":"Baker","year":"1973","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"2023092514503368700_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1159\/000410380","article-title":"Strategies for chemoprophylaxis of GBS early-onset infections","volume":"35","author":"Boyer","year":"1985","journal-title":"Antibiot Chemother"},{"issue":"RR-11","key":"2023092514503368700_B5","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prevention of perinatal group B streptococcal disease. Revised guidelines from CDC","volume":"51","author":"Schrag","year":"2002","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"issue":"25","key":"2023092514503368700_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2626","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0806820","article-title":"Evaluation of universal antenatal screening for group B Streptococcus","volume":"360","author":"Van Dyke","year":"2009","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023092514503368700_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2008.115","article-title":"Continued early onset group B streptococcal infections in the era of intrapartum prophylaxis","volume":"29","author":"Pulver","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Perinatol"},{"issue":"17","key":"2023092514503368700_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2056","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.299.17.2056","article-title":"Epidemiology of invasive group B streptococcal disease in the United States, 1999\u20132005","volume":"299","author":"Phares","year":"2008","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"28","key":"2023092514503368700_B9","first-page":"701","article-title":"Perinatal group B streptococcal disease after universal screening recommendations: United States, 2003\u20132005","volume":"56","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2007","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023092514503368700_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jp.7210899","article-title":"Neonatal early-onset group B streptococcal disease in the era of intrapartum chemoprophylaxis: residual problems","volume":"23","author":"Pinto","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Perinatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2023092514503368700_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1240","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-2275","article-title":"Early-onset group B streptococcal disease in the era of maternal screening","volume":"115","author":"Puopolo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023092514503368700_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1479-828X.1991.tb01797.x","article-title":"Group B Streptococcus (GBS) and neonatal infections: the case for intrapartum chemoprophylaxis","volume":"31","author":"Garland","year":"1991","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"issue":"26","key":"2023092514503368700_B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1665","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198606263142603","article-title":"Prevention of early-onset neonatal group B streptococcal disease with selective intrapartum chemoprophylaxis","volume":"314","author":"Boyer","year":"1986","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"2023092514503368700_B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(01)01629-5","article-title":"Maternal and transplacental pharmacokinetics of cefazolin","volume":"98","author":"Fiore Mitchell","year":"2001","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023092514503368700_B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2008.08.067","article-title":"Cefazolin pharmacokinetics in maternal plasma and amniotic fluid during pregnancy","volume":"200","author":"Allegaert","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2023092514503368700_B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2710.2007.00864.x","article-title":"Influence of pregnancy on ceftriaxone, cefazolin and gentamicin pharmacokinetics in caesarean vs. non-pregnant sectioned women","volume":"32","author":"Popovi\u0107","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Pharm Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"2023092514503368700_B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.10.048","article-title":"Clindamycin-resistant group B Streptococcus and failure of intrapartum prophylaxis to prevent early-onset disease","volume":"156","author":"Blaschke","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"2023092514503368700_B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2009.08.003","article-title":"Group B streptococcal meningitis: cerebrospinal fluid parameters in the era of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis","volume":"85","author":"Ansong","year":"2009","journal-title":"Early Hum Dev"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023092514503368700_B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-1132","article-title":"Neonatal meningitis: what is the correlation among cerebrospinal fluid cultures, blood cultures, and cerebrospinal fluid parameters?","volume":"117","author":"Garges","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"5","key":"2023092514503368700_B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.113.5.1181","article-title":"To tap or not to tap: high likelihood of meningitis without sepsis among very low birth weight infants","volume":"113","author":"Stoll","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"6","key":"2023092514503368700_B21","first-page":"803","article-title":"No lumbar puncture in the evaluation for early neonatal sepsis: will meningitis be missed?","volume":"95","author":"Wiswell","year":"1995","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2023092514503368700_B22","first-page":"S85","article-title":"Antibiotic chemoprophylaxis for group B strep is not necessary with elective cesarean section at term [abstract]","volume":"180","author":"Ramus","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023092514503368700_B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1080\/00016340701802888","article-title":"Group B streptococcal carriage in Sweden: a national study on risk factors for mother and infant colonisation","volume":"87","author":"H\u00e5kansson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"issue":"12","key":"2023092514503368700_B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199012000-00006","article-title":"Changes in the differential white blood cell count in screening for group B streptococcal sepsis","volume":"9","author":"Greenberg","year":"1990","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023092514503368700_B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/S0732-8893(02)00480-7","article-title":"Detection of group B streptococcal bacteremia in simulated intrapartum antimicrobial prophylaxis","volume":"45","author":"Hsu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"2023092514503368700_B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-198705000-00005","article-title":"Sepsis screen in neonates with evaluation of plasma fibronectin","volume":"6","author":"Gerdes","year":"1987","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"5","key":"2023092514503368700_B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000068206.11303.dd","article-title":"Utility of complete blood count and blood culture screening to diagnose neonatal sepsis in the asymptomatic at risk newborn","volume":"22","author":"Ottolini","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"2 pt 1","key":"2023092514503368700_B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.106.2.256","article-title":"Neonatal sepsis workups in infants \u22652000 grams at birth: a population-based study","volume":"106","author":"Escobar","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pediatrics"}],"container-title":["Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/128\/3\/611\/1531520\/zpe00911000611.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/128\/3\/611\/1531520\/zpe00911000611.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,25]],"date-time":"2023-09-25T14:51:30Z","timestamp":1695653490000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article\/128\/3\/611\/30712\/Recommendations-for-the-Prevention-of-Perinatal"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,1]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2011-1466","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-4005","1098-4275"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-4005","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-4275","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,1]]}}}