{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T06:21:42Z","timestamp":1791181302150,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bacteremia in young infants has remained an important ongoing concern for decades. Despite changes in prenatal screening and infant immunizations, the current epidemiology of this problem has received little attention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective analysis of all blood cultures collected at Kaiser Permanente Northern California on full-term, previously healthy infants presenting for care between 1 week to 3 months of age for whom a blood culture was drawn from January 1, 2005, through December 31, 2009.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>During the study period, 4255 blood cultures were collected from 160\u2009818 full-term infants. Only 2% of all blood cultures were positive for pathogens (93\/4255), whereas 247 positive cultures were due to contaminants. The incidence rate of true bacteremia was 0.57 in 1000 full-term births. The most common pathogen was Escherichia coli (56%). Ninety-eight percent of infants with E coli bacteremia had a urinary tract infection. Group B Streptococcus and Staphylococcus aureus were the second and third most common pathogens, respectively. There were no cases of Listeria monocytogenes bacteremia or meningococcemia and only 1 case of enterococcal bacteremia. Ampicillin resistant pathogens accounted for 36% of organisms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study indicates bacteremia in young infants occurs infrequently and in only 2.2% of those who had a blood culture drawn. On the basis of the epidemiology of pathogens found in this large cohort, these data suggest a change in currently recommended presumptive antibiotic coverage in 1-week to 3-month-old infants with suspected bacteremia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-1546","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,27]],"date-time":"2012-02-27T22:54:11Z","timestamp":1330383251000},"page":"e590-e596","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":134,"title":["Changing Epidemiology of Bacteremia in Infants Aged 1 Week to 3 Months"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"129","author":[{"given":"Tara L.","family":"Greenhow","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Kaiser Permanente, Northern California, San Francisco California;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun-Yi","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente 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