{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T22:16:22Z","timestamp":1785795382399,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Endogenous endophthalmitis is a rare but potentially blinding complication of neonatal sepsis. Early diagnosis and aggressive treatment are essential to avoid vision loss. Therapeutic options include systemic and intravitreal antibiotics, as well as vitrectomy in selected cases. We report a series of 6 premature very low birth weight neonates who developed endogenous endophthalmitis in our NICU over the past 3 years. Endophthalmitis was part of early-onset sepsis in 2 newborns, both of whom died, and late-onset sepsis in 4 newborns, of which 1 infant died. None of the neonates had any history of previous trauma or intervention to the eye. Maternal screening for congenital infections, including HIV, was negative in all. Causative organisms included Klebsiella pneumoniae (2 cases), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2 cases), Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (1 case), and Candida albicans (1 case). All bacterial isolates showed resistance to first-line antibiotics. Of the 3 survivors, 2 infants had normal vision in the affected eye, and 1 developed phthisis bulbi after corneal perforation and required enucleation. This report draws attention to the emergence of endophthalmitis as a complication of neonatal sepsis in places where, although survival of very low birth weight newborns has increased significantly due to improved care, the burden of infection continues to be high. We emphasize the importance of daily examination of eyes as a part of routine clinical care in septic newborns for early diagnosis of endophthalmitis and prompt intervention in consultation with an ophthalmologist to optimize the outcome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-3391","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,12]],"date-time":"2013-03-12T02:14:26Z","timestamp":1363054466000},"page":"e1292-e1297","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Neonatal Endogenous Endophthalmitis: A Report of Six Cases"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"131","author":[{"given":"Sriparna","family":"Basu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashok","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kanika","family":"Kapoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Narendra Kumar","family":"Bagri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhishek","family":"Chandra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"2021120903244088700_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1432","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e3181dc04da","article-title":"Characterization of sterile intraocular inflammatory responses after intravitreal bevacizumab injection.","volume":"30","author":"Chong","year":"2010","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"2021120903244088700_B2"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021120903244088700_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1586\/eop.10.52","article-title":"Severe bacterial endophthalmitis: towards improving clinical outcomes.","volume":"5","author":"Novosad","year":"2010","journal-title":"Expert Rev Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021120903244088700_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6257(03)00054-7","article-title":"Endogenous bacterial endophthalmitis: a 17-year prospective series and review of 267 reported cases.","volume":"48","author":"Jackson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"8","key":"2021120903244088700_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0420.2007.00982.x","article-title":"Endogenous endophthalmitis: microorganisms, disposition and prognosis.","volume":"85","author":"Ness","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol Scand"},{"issue":"9462","key":"2021120903244088700_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)71048-5","article-title":"4 million neonatal deaths: when? Where? Why?","volume":"365","author":"Lawn","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021120903244088700_B7","first-page":"410","article-title":"Endogenous Serratia marcescens endophthalmitis in a preterm infant.","volume":"75","author":"Latorre","year":"2008","journal-title":"Indian J Pediatr"},{"key":"2021120903244088700_B8"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021120903244088700_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/S1091-8531(99)70064-9","article-title":"Pseudomonas-induced bilateral endophthalmitis with corneal perforation in a neonate.","volume":"3","author":"Wasserman","year":"1999","journal-title":"J AAPOS"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021120903244088700_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S10","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e3181958769","article-title":"Pathogens associated with sepsis in newborns and young infants in developing countries.","volume":"28","author":"Zaidi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"2021120903244088700_B11"},{"issue":"11","key":"2021120903244088700_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e318223bad2","article-title":"The burden of invasive early-onset neonatal sepsis in the United States, 2005\u20132008.","volume":"30","author":"Weston","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021120903244088700_B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1159\/000226604","article-title":"Long-term trends in the epidemiology of neonatal sepsis and antibiotic susceptibility of causative agents.","volume":"97","author":"van den Hoogen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neonatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021120903244088700_B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00444936","article-title":"Bacterial endophthalmitis in neonates.","volume":"146","author":"Lohrer","year":"1987","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021120903244088700_B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F139","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.85.2.F139","article-title":"Ophthalmic Pseudomonas infection in infancy.","volume":"85","author":"Boyle","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"key":"2021120903244088700_B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9304","DOI":"10.1186\/1757-1626-2-9304","article-title":"Endogenous endophthalmitis caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a preterm infant: a case report.","volume":"2","author":"Figueiredo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cases J"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021120903244088700_B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2004.04.003","article-title":"Presumed endogenous Klebsiella pneumonia endophthalmitis in a premature infant.","volume":"8","author":"Li","year":"2004","journal-title":"J AAPOS"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021120903244088700_B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e3181ecccf0","article-title":"Endogenous methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus endophthalmitis.","volume":"31","author":"Ho","year":"2011","journal-title":"Retina"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021120903244088700_B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(02)01600-8","article-title":"Bilateral presumed endogenous candida endophthalmitis and stage 3 retinopathy of prematurity.","volume":"134","author":"Gago","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021120903244088700_B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1067\/mpa.2001.111136","article-title":"Recurrent endogenous candidal endophthalmitis in a premature infant.","volume":"5","author":"Stern","year":"2001","journal-title":"J AAPOS"},{"issue":"6","key":"2021120903244088700_B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1067\/mpa.2000.110338","article-title":"Systemic candidiasis with cataract formation in a premature infant.","volume":"4","author":"Todd Johnston","year":"2000","journal-title":"J AAPOS"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021120903244088700_B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/S1350-9462(98)00022-6","article-title":"Immunoregulatory mechanisms of the eye.","volume":"18","author":"Streilein","year":"1999","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"2021120903244088700_B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2149","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00728-08","article-title":"Endophthalmitis: antibacterial activity of precipitates of vancomycin and ceftazidime.","volume":"46","author":"Chen","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021120903244088700_B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6257(97)00005-2","article-title":"Antibiotic selection in the treatment of endophthalmitis: the significance of drug combinations and synergy.","volume":"41","author":"Roth","year":"1997","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021120903244088700_B25","first-page":"1182","article-title":"An in vitro study of ceftazidime and vancomycin concentrations in various fluid media: implications for use in treating endophthalmitis.","volume":"43","author":"Kwok","year":"2002","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021120903244088700_B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.3928\/15428877-20050101-03","article-title":"Presumed sterile endophthalmitis following intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection.","volume":"36","author":"Moshfeghi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging"},{"issue":"12","key":"2021120903244088700_B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1995.01100120009001","article-title":"Results of the Endophthalmitis Vitrectomy Study. A randomized trial of immediate vitrectomy and of intravenous antibiotics for the treatment of postoperative bacterial endophthalmitis.","volume":"113","author":"Endophthalmitis Vitrectomy Study Group","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2021120903244088700_B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2008.155655","article-title":"25-Gauge vitrectomy for paediatric vitreoretinal conditions.","volume":"93","author":"Gonzales","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021120903244088700_B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e318159ec7f","article-title":"Pediatric endophthalmitis. A 10-year consecutive series.","volume":"28","author":"Thordsen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Retina"}],"container-title":["Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/131\/4\/e1292\/1099772\/peds_2011-3391.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/131\/4\/e1292\/1099772\/peds_2011-3391.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,9]],"date-time":"2021-12-09T18:01:32Z","timestamp":1639072892000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article\/131\/4\/e1292\/31861\/Neonatal-Endogenous-Endophthalmitis-A-Report-of"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,1]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2011-3391","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-4005","1098-4275"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-4005","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-4275","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,1]]}}}