{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T00:03:15Z","timestamp":1789603395185,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>OBJECTIVE:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To increase knowledge on iron status and growth during the first 6 months of life. We hypothesized that iron status would be better in infants who received complementary foods in addition to breast milk compared with those exclusively breastfed.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>One hundred nineteen healthy term (\u226537 weeks) singleton infants were randomly assigned to receive either complementary foods in addition to breast milk from age 4 months (CF) or to exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months (EBF). Dietary data were collected by 3-day weighed food records, and data on iron status and growth were also collected.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>One hundred infants (84%) completed the trial. Infants in the CF group had higher mean serum ferritin levels at 6 months (P = .02), which remained significant when adjusted for baseline characteristics. No difference was seen between groups in iron deficiency anemia, iron deficiency, or iron depletion. The average daily energy intake from complementary foods of 5-month-olds in the CF group was 36.8 kJ per kg body weight. Infants in both groups grew at the same rate between 4 and 6 months of age.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In a high-income country, adding a small amount of complementary food in addition to breast milk to infants\u2019 diets from 4 months of age does not affect growth rate between 4 and 6 months, but has a small and positive effect on iron status at 6 months. The biological importance of this finding remains to be determined.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-3838","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,13]],"date-time":"2012-11-13T10:52:14Z","timestamp":1352803934000},"page":"1038-1045","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":78,"title":["Timing of the Introduction of Complementary Foods in Infancy: A Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"130","author":[{"given":"Olof H.","family":"Jonsdottir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit for Nutrition Research, Landspitali, The National University Hospital of Iceland and Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Inga","family":"Thorsdottir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit for Nutrition Research, Landspitali, The National University Hospital of Iceland and Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia L.","family":"Hibberd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Global Health, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary S.","family":"Fewtrell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Childhood Nutrition Research Centre, University College London Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan C.","family":"Wells","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Childhood Nutrition Research Centre, University College London Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gestur I.","family":"Palsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Hospital, Landspitali, The National University Hospital of Iceland, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan","family":"Lucas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Childhood Nutrition Research Centre, University College London Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geir","family":"Gunnlaugsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Directorate of Health and Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland; 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