{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T04:09:23Z","timestamp":1770437363654,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Although US child protective services data showed a 55% decrease in the national incidence of substantiated physical abuse from 1992 to 2009, no study has tracked the occurrence of serious injuries due to physical abuse. This study examined changes in the incidence of serious injuries due to physical abuse in hospitalized children from 1997 to 2009.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The Kids\u2019 Inpatient Database, a sample of discharges from hospitals in the United States, includes International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification diagnosis and external cause of injury codes; it was prepared every 3 years from 1997 to 2009. Cases of serious physical abuse (eg, abusive head injury) were identified by using injury codes (800\u2013959) and codes for abuse (995.50, 0.54, 0.55, and 0.59), selected assault codes (E960\u2013966, 968), or perpetrator of abuse (E967). The weighted number of hospitalizations due to serious physical abuse was used to calculate the national incidence, and \u03c72 for linear trend compared over time the incidence for children &amp;lt;18 years and &amp;lt;1 year of age.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The incidence per 100\u2009000 children &amp;lt;18 years of age increased 4.9%: 6.1 (95% confidence interval = 5.4\u20136.8) for 1997, 6.0 (5.2\u20136.7) for 2000, 6.0 (5.3\u20136.7) for 2003, 6.1 (5.3\u20136.8) for 2006, and 6.4 (5.7\u20137.2) for 2009 (P &amp;lt; .01). The incidence for children &amp;lt;1 year of age increased 10.9% (P &amp;lt; .05).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Over 12 years, when substantiated physical abuse was declining, there was a small increase in the incidence of serious physical abuse in children &amp;lt;18 and &amp;lt;1 year of age.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2012-0922","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,2]],"date-time":"2012-10-02T04:35:12Z","timestamp":1349152512000},"page":"e847-e852","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Incidence of Serious Injuries Due to Physical Abuse in the United States: 1997 to 2009"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"130","author":[{"given":"John M.","family":"Leventhal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics, and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julie R.","family":"Gaither","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021120903104438400_B1","unstructured":"Administration on Children, Youth and Families, US Department of Health and Human Services. Child Maltreatment 2010. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office; 2011. Available at: www.acf.hhs.gov\/programs\/cb\/pubs\/cm10. Accessed February 1, 2012"},{"key":"2021120903104438400_B2","unstructured":"Sedlak AJ, Mettenberg J, Basena M, et al. Fourth National Incidence Study of Child Abuse and Neglect (NIS-4): Report to Congress. Washington, DC: Administration for Children and Families, US Department of Health and Human Services; 2010. Available at: www.acf.hhs.gov\/programs\/opre\/abuse_neglect\/natl_incid\/index.html. Accessed February 1, 2012"},{"key":"2021120903104438400_B3","unstructured":"Finkelhor D, Jones L, Shattuck A. Updated trends in child maltreatment. Available at: www.unh.edu\/ccrc\/Trends\/index.html. Accessed February 1, 2012"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021120903104438400_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2006.07.004","article-title":"Are abusive fractures in young children becoming less common? Changes over 24 years.","volume":"31","author":"Leventhal","year":"2007","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021120903104438400_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-2185","article-title":"Abusive head trauma during a time of increased unemployment: a multicenter analysis.","volume":"128","author":"Berger","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021120903104438400_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.3171\/2011.5.PEDS1139","article-title":"Increased incidence of nonaccidental head trauma in infants associated with the economic recession.","volume":"8","author":"Huang","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr"},{"key":"2021120903104438400_B7","unstructured":"Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Overview of the Kids\u2019 Inpatient Database (KID). Available at: www.hucup-us.ahrq.gov\/kidoverview.jsp. Accessed October 1, 2011"},{"key":"2021120903104438400_B8","volume-title":"International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification","author":"National Center for Health Statistics","year":"1999"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021120903104438400_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-1277","article-title":"Using US data to estimate the incidence of serious physical abuse in children.","volume":"129","author":"Leventhal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"#cr-split#-2021120903104438400_B10.1","unstructured":"US Census Bureau. Population estimates. Available at: http:\/\/wonder.cdc.gov\/Bridged-Race-v2003.html (years prior to 2004)"},{"key":"#cr-split#-2021120903104438400_B10.2","unstructured":"http:\/\/wonder.cdc.gov\/population-projections.html (years 2004-2009). Accessed February 1, 2012"},{"key":"2021120903104438400_B11","unstructured":"US Census Bureau. Current population survey, annual social and economic supplements. Available at: www.census.gov\/hhes\/www\/hlthins\/data\/historical\/files\/hihistt3.xls. Accessed June 4, 2012"},{"key":"2021120903104438400_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2007.12.021","article-title":"Using hospital discharge data to track inflicted traumatic brain injury.","volume":"34","author":"Ellingson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"key":"2021120903104438400_B13"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021120903104438400_B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-0135","article-title":"International trends in sudden infant death syndrome: stabilization of rates requires further action.","volume":"122","author":"Hauck","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatrics"}],"container-title":["Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/130\/5\/e847\/1058009\/peds_2012-0922.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/130\/5\/e847\/1058009\/peds_2012-0922.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,9]],"date-time":"2021-12-09T17:12:19Z","timestamp":1639069939000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article\/130\/5\/e847\/32534\/Incidence-of-Serious-Injuries-Due-to-Physical"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,1]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2012-0922","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-4005","1098-4275"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-4005","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-4275","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,1]]}}}