{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T02:20:12Z","timestamp":1783477212239,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate whether in congenital unilateral cryptorchidism the growth of a spontaneously descended testis is normal, compared with the contralateral scrotal testis or similar to the growth of testes that failed to descend spontaneously and later underwent orchidopexy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ninety-one boys with congenital unilateral cryptorchidism with later spontaneous descent of the initially retained testis were followed from birth (0\u20133 weeks) up to 5 years of age and compared with boys randomized to surgery at either 9 months (n = 78) or 3 years (n = 85) of age. Testicular volume was determined with ultrasonography.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eighty-two percent of spontaneous descent occurred before 2 months of age. Twenty-two percent of these descended testes were later again found in a retained position. The spontaneously descended testis was smaller than its scrotal counterpart at all ages (P &amp;lt; .001). We also showed a significant difference in the testicular volume between the early and late treated boys from age 2 years and onward. At 2, 4, and 5 years of age, the volumes of the spontaneously descended testes were significantly larger than those of boys operated on at 3 years but similar to those operated on at 9 months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We have shown that in boys with congenital unilateral cryptorchidism with later spontaneous descent, the originally retained testes show impaired growth compared with its scrotal counterpart from birth and onwards. Also, they are prone to later ascent to a retained position. Furthermore, the longer testes remain untreated the more they exhibit impaired growth.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2012-2902","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,25]],"date-time":"2013-03-25T22:07:46Z","timestamp":1364249266000},"page":"e1174-e1180","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Growth of Spontaneously Descended and Surgically Treated Testes During Early Childhood"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"131","author":[{"given":"Claude","family":"Kollin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health, and"},{"name":"Center of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tina","family":"Granholm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health, and"},{"name":"Divisions of Pediatric Surgery, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agneta","family":"Nordenskj\u00f6ld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; and"},{"name":"Divisions of Pediatric Surgery, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. Martin","family":"Ritz\u00e9n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health, and"},{"name":"Pediatric Endocrinology, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2021120903260897000_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1038\/nrurol.2011.23","article-title":"Testicular descent: INSL3, testosterone, genes and the intrauterine milieu.","volume":"8","author":"Bay","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Rev Urol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021120903260897000_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmm027","article-title":"Epidemiology and pathogenesis of cryptorchidism.","volume":"14","author":"Virtanen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021120903260897000_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1007\/s003830050239","article-title":"Undescended testes: incidence in 1,002 consecutive male infants and outcome at 1 year of age.","volume":"13","author":"Thong","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021120903260897000_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.92.1.44","article-title":"Prevalence and natural history of cryptorchidism.","volume":"92","author":"Berkowitz","year":"1993","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"6 Pt 1","key":"2021120903260897000_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2396","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000095793.04232.d8","article-title":"The epidemiology of congenital cryptorchidism, testicular ascent and orchiopexy.","volume":"170","author":"Barthold","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"issue":"892","key":"2021120903260897000_B6","article-title":"Cryptorchidism: a prospective study of 7500 consecutive male births: 1984-8.","volume":"7","author":"John Radcliffe Hospital Cryptorchidism Study Group","year":"1992","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"issue":"7","key":"2021120903260897000_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2010.09226.x","article-title":"Natural history and long-term testicular growth of acquired undescended testis after spontaneous descent or pubertal orchidopexy.","volume":"106","author":"Hack","year":"2010","journal-title":"BJU Int"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021120903260897000_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2605.2008.00946.x","article-title":"Acquired cryptorchidism is frequent in infancy and childhood.","volume":"32","author":"Wohlfahrt-Veje","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Androl"},{"issue":"4 Pt 2","key":"2021120903260897000_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1726","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2007.03.184","article-title":"Further evidence for spontaneous descent of acquired undescended testes.","volume":"178","author":"Eijsbouts","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2021120903260897000_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2605.2006.00702.x","article-title":"Puberty stage and spontaneous descent of acquired undescended testis: implications for therapy?","volume":"29","author":"Sijstermans","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Androl"},{"issue":"8398","key":"2021120903260897000_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(84)92697-7","article-title":"Apparent doubling of frequency of undescended testis in England and Wales in 1962-81.","volume":"2","author":"Chilvers","year":"1984","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2-3","key":"2021120903260897000_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01349987","article-title":"Is the ascending testis actually \u2018stationary\u2019? 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