{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T00:04:11Z","timestamp":1772755451556,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Konzo is an irreversible upper-motor neuron disorder affecting children dependent on bitter cassava for food. Although the neuroepidemiology of konzo is well characterized, we report the first neuropsychological findings.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>METHOD:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Children with konzo in the Democratic Republic of Congo (mean age 8.7 years) were compared with children without konzo (mean age 9.1 years) on the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children, second edition (KABC-II), and the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, second edition (BOT-2). Both groups were also compared with normative KABC measures from earlier studies in a nearby nonkonzo region.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Using a Kruskal-Wallis test, children with konzo did worse on the KABC-II simultaneous processing (visual-spatial analysis) (K [1] = 8.78, P = .003) and mental processing index (MPI) (K [1] = 4.56, P = .03) than children without konzo. Both konzo and nonkonzo groups had poorer KABC sequential processing (memory) and MPI relative to the normative group from a nonkonzo region (K [2] = 75.55, P &amp;lt; .001). Children with konzo were lower on BOT-2 total (K [1] = 83.26, P &amp;lt; .001). KABC-II MPI and BOT-2 total were predictive of konzo status in a binary logistic regression model: odds ratio = 1.41, P &amp;lt; .013; 95% confidence interval 1.13\u20131.69.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Motor proficiency is dramatically affected, and both children with and without konzo have impaired neurocognition compared with control children from a nonoutbreak area. This may evidence a subclinical neurocognitive form of the disease, extending the human burden of konzo with dramatic public health implications.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2012-3011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,26]],"date-time":"2013-03-26T02:07:46Z","timestamp":1364263666000},"page":"e1231-e1239","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Neuropsychological Effects of Konzo: A Neuromotor Disease Associated With Poorly Processed Cassava"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"131","author":[{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Boivin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Neurology\/Ophthalmology, and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Okitundu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guy","family":"Makila-Mabe Bumoko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marie-Therese","family":"Sombo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dieudonne","family":"Mumba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tropical Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo;"},{"name":"Institut National de Recherches Biom\u00e9dicales, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thorkild","family":"Tylleskar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for International Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Connie F.","family":"Page","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics and Probability, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean-Jacques","family":"Tamfum Muyembe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tropical Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo;"},{"name":"Institut National de Recherches Biom\u00e9dicales, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Desire","family":"Tshala-Katumbay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, and"},{"name":"Department of Neurology and Center for Research on Occupational and Environmental Toxicology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, 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