{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T11:37:11Z","timestamp":1790768231705,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the relationship between urinary bisphenol A (BPA) levels and measures of adiposity and chronic disease risk factors for a nationally representative US pediatric sample.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We used the NHANES 2003\u20132010 to evaluate cross-sectional associations between urinary BPA and multiple measures of adiposity, cholesterol, insulin, and glucose for children aged 6 to 18 years, adjusting for relevant covariates (eg, demographics, urine creatinine, tobacco exposure, and soda consumption).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We found a higher odds of obesity (BMI \u226595th percentile) with increasing quartiles of BPA for quartiles 2 vs 1 (odds ratio [OR] 1.74, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.17\u20132.60, P = .008), 3 vs 1 (OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.09\u20132.47, P = .02), and 4 vs 1 (OR 2.01, 95% CI 1.36\u20132.98, P = .001). We also found a higher odds of having an abnormal waist circumference\u2013to\u2013height ratio (quartiles 2 vs 1 [OR 1.37, 95% CI 0.98\u20131.93, P = .07], 3 vs 1 [OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.07\u20131.87, P = .02], and 4 vs 1 [OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.12\u20132.15, P = .01]). We did not find significant associations of BPA with any other chronic disease risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Higher levels of urinary BPA were associated with a higher odds of obesity (BMI &amp;gt;95%) and abnormal waist circumference\u2013to\u2013height ratio. Longitudinal analyses are needed to elucidate temporal relationships between BPA exposure and the development of obesity and chronic disease risk factors in children.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-0106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,19]],"date-time":"2013-08-19T21:13:03Z","timestamp":1376946783000},"page":"e637-e645","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":99,"title":["Bisphenol A and Chronic Disease Risk Factors in US Children"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"132","author":[{"given":"Donna S.","family":"Eng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Endocrinology,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joyce M.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Endocrinology,"},{"name":"Division of Pediatric Endocrinology,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Achamyeleh","family":"Gebremariam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Health Evaluation and Research (CHEAR) Unit, Division of General Pediatrics, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John D.","family":"Meeker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Peterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vasantha","family":"Padmanabhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Endocrinology,"},{"name":"Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"2021120902571158600_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3822","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-1682","article-title":"Relationship between urinary bisphenol A levels and diabetes mellitus.","volume":"96","author":"Shankar","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"11","key":"2021120902571158600_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.300.11.1303","article-title":"Association of urinary bisphenol A concentration with medical disorders and laboratory abnormalities in adults.","volume":"300","author":"Lang","year":"2008","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021120902571158600_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E223","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-1989","article-title":"Urinary bisphenol A (BPA) concentration associates with obesity and insulin resistance.","volume":"97","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021120902571158600_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.10753","article-title":"Exposure of the US population to bisphenol A and 4-tertiary-octylphenol: 2003-2004.","volume":"116","author":"Calafat","year":"2008","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"2021120902571158600_B5","unstructured":"Commission Directive 2011\/8\/EU amending Directive 2002\/72\/EC as regards the restriction of use of Bisphenol A in plastic infant feeding bottles. 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