{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T18:44:55Z","timestamp":1791398695796,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Not many large studies have reported the true impact of lower-grade intraventricular hemorrhages in preterm infants. We studied the neurodevelopmental outcomes of extremely preterm infants in relation to the severity of intraventricular hemorrhage.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A regional cohort study of infants born at 23 to 28 weeks\u2019 gestation and admitted to a NICU between 1998 and 2004. Primary outcome measure was moderate to severe neurosensory impairment at 2 to 3 years\u2019 corrected age defined as developmental delay (developmental quotient &amp;gt;2 SD below the mean), cerebral palsy, bilateral deafness, or bilateral blindness.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of the 1472 survivors assessed, infants with grade III\u2013IV intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH; n = 93) had higher rates of developmental delay (17.5%), cerebral palsy (30%), deafness (8.6%), and blindness (2.2%). Grade I\u2013II IVH infants (n = 336) also had increased rates of neurosensory impairment (22% vs 12.1%), developmental delay (7.8% vs 3.4%), cerebral palsy (10.4% vs 6.5%), and deafness (6.0% vs 2.3%) compared with the no IVH group (n = 1043). After exclusion of 40 infants with late ultrasound findings (periventricular leukomalacia, porencephaly, ventricular enlargement), isolated grade I\u2013II IVH (n = 296) had increased rates of moderate-severe neurosensory impairment (18.6% vs 12.1%). Isolated grade I\u2013II IVH was also independently associated with a higher risk of neurosensory impairment (adjusted odds ratio 1.73, 95% confidence interval 1.22\u20132.46).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Grade I\u2013II IVH, even with no documented white matter injury or other late ultrasound abnormalities, is associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in extremely preterm infants.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-0372","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,30]],"date-time":"2013-12-30T20:45:21Z","timestamp":1388436321000},"page":"55-62","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":421,"title":["Intraventricular Hemorrhage and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Extreme Preterm Infants"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"133","author":[{"given":"Srinivas","family":"Bolisetty","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Newborn Services, Royal Hospital for Women, Sydney, Australia;"},{"name":"School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anjali","family":"Dhawan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Newborn Services, Royal Hospital for Women, Sydney, Australia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Abdel-Latif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Centenary Hospital, Canberra, Australia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Bajuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New South Wales Pregnancy and Newborn Services Network (PSN), Sydney, Australia; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacqueline","family":"Stack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Liverpool Hospital, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ju-Lee","family":"Oei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Newborn Services, Royal Hospital for Women, Sydney, Australia;"},{"name":"School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kei","family":"Lui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Newborn Services, Royal Hospital for Women, Sydney, Australia;"},{"name":"School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"on behalf of the New South Wales and Australian Capital Territory Neonatal Intensive Care Units\u2019 Data Collection","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2021120820011156200_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2009.07.014","article-title":"Intracranial hemorrhage in the preterm infant: understanding it, preventing it.","volume":"36","author":"Bassan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Perinatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021120820011156200_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(78)80282-0","article-title":"Incidence and evolution of subependymal and intraventricular hemorrhage: a study of infants with birth weights less than 1,500 gm.","volume":"92","author":"Papile","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021120820011156200_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2008.11.010","article-title":"Brain imaging findings in very preterm infants throughout the neonatal period: part I. 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