{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T11:19:50Z","timestamp":1785151190797,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>OBJECTIVE:<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine the association between parental report of intimate partner violence (IPV) and parental psychological distress (PPD) with child attainment of developmental milestones.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title><jats:p>By using data collected from a large cohort of primary care patients, this cross-sectional study examined the relationship between parental report of IPV and\/or PPD and the attainment of developmental milestones within the first 72 months of a child\u2019s life. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to adjust for parental report of child abuse concern and sociodemographic characteristics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study population included 16\u2009595 subjects. Children of parents reporting both IPV and PPD (n = 88; 0.5%) were more likely to fail at least 1 milestone across the following developmental domains: language (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.1; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3\u20133.3), personal-social (aOR 1.9; 95% CI 1.2\u20132.9), and gross motor (aOR 3.0; 95% CI 1.8\u20135.0). Significant associations for those reporting IPV-only (n = 331; 2.0%) were found for language (aOR 1.4; 95% CI 1.1\u20131.9), personal-social (aOR 1.7; 95% CI 1.4\u20132.2), and fine motor-adaptive (aOR 1.7; 95% CI 1.0\u20132.7). Significant associations for those reporting PPD-only (n = 1920; 11.6%) were found for: language (aOR 1.5; 95% CI 1.3\u20131.7), personal-social (aOR 1.6; 95% CI 1.5\u20131.8), gross motor (aOR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4\u20131.8), and fine-motor adaptive (aOR 1.6; 95% CI 1.3\u20132.0).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Screening children for IPV and PPD helps identify those at risk for poor developmental outcomes who may benefit from early intervention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-1020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,5]],"date-time":"2013-11-05T01:16:41Z","timestamp":1383614201000},"page":"e1577-e1583","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Child Exposure to Parental Violence and Psychological Distress Associated With Delayed Milestones"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"132","author":[{"given":"Amy Lewis","family":"Gilbert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Community Pediatrics, Department of Children\u2019s Health Services Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; and"},{"name":"Regenstrief Institute, Inc, Indianapolis, Indiana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nerissa S.","family":"Bauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Community Pediatrics, Department of Children\u2019s Health Services Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aaron E.","family":"Carroll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Community Pediatrics, Department of Children\u2019s Health Services Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; and"},{"name":"Regenstrief Institute, Inc, Indianapolis, Indiana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen M.","family":"Downs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Community Pediatrics, Department of Children\u2019s Health Services Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; and"},{"name":"Regenstrief Institute, Inc, Indianapolis, Indiana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021120823382619700_B1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 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