{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T14:23:58Z","timestamp":1790173438685,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>OBJECTIVES:<\/jats:title><jats:p>To quantify differences in early-onset sepsis (EOS) evaluations, evaluation-associated resource utilization, and EOS cases detected, when comparing time periods before and after the implementation of an EOS algorithm based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) 2010 guidelines for prevention of perinatal Group B Streptococcus (GBS) disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective cohort study of infants born at \u226536 weeks\u2019 gestation from 2009 to 2012 in a single tertiary care center. One 12-month period during which EOS evaluations were based on the CDC 2002 guideline was compared with a second 12-month period during which EOS evaluations were based on the CDC 2010 guideline. A cost minimization analysis was performed to determine the EOS evaluation-associated costs and resources during each time period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title><jats:p>During the study periods, among well-appearing infants \u226536 weeks\u2019 gestation, EOS evaluations for inadequate GBS prophylaxis decreased from 32\/1000 to &amp;lt;1\/1000 live births; EOS evaluation-associated costs decreased by $6994 per 1000 live births; and EOS evaluation-associated work hours decreased by 29 per 1000 live births. We found no increase in EOS evaluations for other indications, total NICU admissions, frequency of infants evaluated for symptoms before hospital discharge, or incidence of EOS during the 2 study periods.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Implementation of an EOS algorithm based on CDC 2010 GBS guidelines resulted in a 25% decrease in EOS evaluations performed among well-appearing infants \u226536 weeks\u2019 gestation, attributable to decreased evaluation of infants born in the setting of inadequate indicated GBS prophylaxis. This resulted in significant changes in EOS evaluation-associated resource expenditures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-1866","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,21]],"date-time":"2014-01-21T02:09:09Z","timestamp":1390270149000},"page":"196-203","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["2010 Perinatal GBS Prevention Guideline and Resource Utilization"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"133","author":[{"given":"Sagori","family":"Mukhopadhyay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts;"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dmitry","family":"Dukhovny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts;"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts;"},{"name":"Department of Neonatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenyang","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric C.","family":"Eichenwald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen M.","family":"Puopolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts;"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts;"},{"name":"Department of Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021120900285485500_B1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prevention of perinatal group B streptococcal disease: a public health perspective.","volume":"45","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"1996","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"2021120900285485500_B2"},{"key":"2021120900285485500_B3"},{"issue":"26","key":"2021120900285485500_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1665","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198606263142603","article-title":"Prevention of early-onset neonatal group B streptococcal disease with selective intrapartum chemoprophylaxis.","volume":"314","author":"Boyer","year":"1986","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021120900285485500_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa020205","article-title":"A population-based comparison of strategies to prevent early-onset group B streptococcal disease in neonates.","volume":"347","author":"Schrag","year":"2002","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021120900285485500_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/148.5.795","article-title":"Selective intrapartum chemoprophylaxis of neonatal group B streptococcal early-onset disease. 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