{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T02:08:26Z","timestamp":1791252506623,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Congenital toxoplasmosis (CT) can elicit severe damage to several organs, especially the eye, and may be manifested at birth or later. We assessed the long-term ocular prognosis in a cohort of congenitally infected children treated according to a standardized protocol and monitored for up to 22 years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title><jats:p>This prospective study included confirmed cases of CT, which were identified by obligatory antenatal screening at the Lyon (France) reference center between 1987 and 2008. Data obtained through ocular examinations were recorded on a standardized form and confirmed by an independent external committee. Risk factors for retinochoroiditis were identified by using a multivariable Cox model and a flexible model that accounted for changes in the factor effects during follow-up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 477 of 485 infected live-born children were followed for a median of 10.5 years (75th percentile: 15.0 years). During the follow-up, 142 patients (29.8%) manifested at least 1 ocular lesion. Lesions were unilateral in 98 individuals (69.0%) and caused no vision loss in 80.6%. Lesions were first manifested at a median age of 3.1 (0.0\u201320.7) years. In 48 (33.8%) of the children, recurrences or new ocular lesions occurred up to 12 years after the appearance of the first lesion. Early maternal infection and confirmation of CT in children, prematurity, and nonocular CT lesions at baseline were associated with a higher risk of retinochoroiditis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although the consequences of CT are rarely severe in treated children, regular postnatal monitoring is nevertheless justified because of the lifelong persisting risk of new ocular manifestations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-2153","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,18]],"date-time":"2014-02-18T02:01:59Z","timestamp":1392688919000},"page":"e601-e608","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":78,"title":["Ophthalmic Outcomes of Congenital Toxoplasmosis Followed Until Adolescence"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"133","author":[{"given":"Martine","family":"Wallon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospices Civils de Lyon, Institut de Parasitologie et de Mycologie M\u00e9dicale, H\u00f4pital de la Croix-Rousse, Lyon, France;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justus G.","family":"Garweg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Eye Institute and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michal","family":"Abrahamowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Canada;"},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Reunion University (France), CHU de La Reunion, Centre d\u2019Etudes Perinatales de l\u2019Ocean Indien, Saint-Pierre Cedex, France;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Cornu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM CIC 0201, Lyon, France;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandrine","family":"Vinault","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM, CIC1432, Dijon, France;"},{"name":"CHU de Dijon, Centre d'Investigation Clinique - module \u00e9pid\u00e9miologie clinique, Dijon, France;"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Bourgogne, Dijon, France;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Quantin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM, U866, Dijon, France; 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