{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T20:11:54Z","timestamp":1773864714211,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study tested whether dating violence (DV) victimization is associated with increases in BMI across the transition from adolescence to young adulthood and whether gender and previous exposure to child maltreatment modify such increases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data were from participants (N = 9295; 49.9% female) in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. BMI was calculated from measured height and weight at waves 2, 3, and 4 of the study. DV victimization was measured at waves 2, 3, and 4 by using items from the revised Conflict Tactics Scales. Linear regression by using generalized estimating equations with robust SEs was used to test the association. Models were stratified according to gender and history of child maltreatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title><jats:p>From baseline to wave 4, BMI increased on average 6.5 units (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.2\u20136.7) and 6.8 units (95% CI: 6.5\u20137.1) among men and women, respectively, and nearly one-half (45.5% of men; 43.9% of women) reported DV at some point. In stratified models, DV victimization (\u03b2: 0.3 [95% CI: 0.0\u20130.6]) independently predicted BMI increase over time in women. Exposure to childhood sexual abuse magnified the increase in BMI associated with DV victimization (\u03b2: 1.3 [95% CI: 0.3\u20132.3]). No other types of childhood maltreatment were significant modifiers of the DV\u2013BMI association. Violence victimization was not associated with BMI among men.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Screening and support for DV victims, especially women who have also experienced childhood maltreatment, may be warranted to reduce the likelihood of health consequences associated with victimization.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2014-1179","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,9]],"date-time":"2014-09-09T05:14:04Z","timestamp":1410239644000},"page":"678-685","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Dating Violence, Childhood Maltreatment, and BMI From Adolescence to Young Adulthood"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"134","author":[{"given":"Cari Jo","family":"Clark","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School,"},{"name":"School of Public Health, and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rachael A.","family":"Spencer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Researcher, Atlanta, Georgia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan A.","family":"Everson-Rose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sonya S.","family":"Brady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan M.","family":"Mason","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John E.","family":"Connett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kimberly M.","family":"Henderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ross University, Roseau, Dominica, West Indies; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"To","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Liberal Arts, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shakira F.","family":"Suglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021120906541258300_B1"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021120906541258300_B2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Youth risk behavior surveillance-United States, 2011.","volume":"61","author":"Eaton","year":"2012","journal-title":"Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Surveillance summaries (Washington, DC: 2002)"},{"issue":"10","key":"2021120906541258300_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1679","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.91.10.1679","article-title":"Partner violence among adolescents in opposite-sex romantic relationships: findings from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health.","volume":"91","author":"Halpern","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"9314","key":"2021120906541258300_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)08336-8","article-title":"Health consequences of intimate partner violence.","volume":"359","author":"Campbell","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021120906541258300_B5","first-page":"569","article-title":"Five-year obesity incidence in the transition period between adolescence and adulthood: the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health.","volume":"80","author":"Gordon-Larsen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2021120906541258300_B6"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021120906541258300_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2007.04.034","article-title":"Long-term impact of adolescent dating violence on the behavioral and psychological health of male and female youth.","volume":"151","author":"Ackard","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021120906541258300_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-2134(02)00322-8","article-title":"Date violence and date rape among adolescents: associations with disordered eating behaviors and psychological health.","volume":"26","author":"Ackard","year":"2002","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021120906541258300_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.286.5.572","article-title":"Dating violence against adolescent girls and associated substance use, unhealthy weight control, sexual risk behavior, pregnancy, and suicidality.","volume":"286","author":"Silverman","year":"2001","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021120906541258300_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2010.2","article-title":"Overweight, obesity, and depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies.","volume":"67","author":"Luppino","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021120906541258300_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jada.2006.01.003","article-title":"Obesity, disordered eating, and eating disorders in a longitudinal study of adolescents: how do dieters fare 5 years later?","volume":"106","author":"Neumark-Sztainer","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Diet Assoc"},{"issue":"7","key":"2021120906541258300_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2008.02.005","article-title":"Chronic disease and health risk behaviors associated with intimate partner violence\u201418 U.S. states\/territories, 2005.","volume":"18","author":"Breiding","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021120906541258300_B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1017\/S0021932010000441","article-title":"Domestic violence and obesity in Egyptian women.","volume":"43","author":"Yount","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Biosoc Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"2021120906541258300_B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1080\/01612840701493535","article-title":"Dangerous intimate partner relationships and women\u2019s mental health and health behaviors.","volume":"28","author":"Sato-DiLorenzo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Issues Ment Health Nurs"},{"key":"2021120906541258300_B15","article-title":"The relationship of violence and traumatic stress to changes in weight and waist circumference: longitudinal analyses from the Study of Women\u2019s Health Across the Nation (SWAN).","author":"Garcia","journal-title":"J Interpers Violence"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021120906541258300_B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-1554","article-title":"Child and adolescent abuse in relation to obesity in adulthood: the Black Women\u2019s Health Study.","volume":"130","author":"Boynton-Jarrett","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2021120906541258300_B17","article-title":"Childhood maltreatment and obesity: systematic review and meta-analysis.","author":"Danese","year":"2013;19(5):544\u2013554","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"2021120906541258300_B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1001\/archpediatrics.2010.94","article-title":"Association between maternal intimate partner violence and incident obesity in preschool-aged children: results from the Fragile Families and Child Well-being Study.","volume":"164","author":"Boynton-Jarrett","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med"},{"issue":"19","key":"2021120906541258300_B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8507","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1003890107","article-title":"Mechanisms linking early life stress to adult health outcomes.","volume":"107","author":"Taylor","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021120906541258300_B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2012-0469","article-title":"The science of early life toxic stress for pediatric practice and advocacy.","volume":"131","author":"Johnson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021120906541258300_B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1097\/MED.0b013e32832fa137","article-title":"Stress and obesity: the role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in metabolic disease.","volume":"16","author":"Bose","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021120906541258300_B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.68.5.782","article-title":"Depression and sensitization to stressors among young women as a function of childhood adversity.","volume":"68","author":"Hammen","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Consult Clin Psychol"},{"issue":"10","key":"2021120906541258300_B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1647","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291709992121","article-title":"Childhood adversity, adult stressful life events, and risk of past-year psychiatric disorder: a test of the stress sensitization hypothesis in a population-based sample of adults.","volume":"40","author":"McLaughlin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021120906541258300_B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2007.12.009","article-title":"Synergistic effects of child abuse and intimate partner violence on depressive symptoms in women.","volume":"46","author":"Fogarty","year":"2008","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021120906541258300_B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2010.10010056","article-title":"Aberrant brain activation during a response inhibition task in adolescent eating disorder subtypes.","volume":"168","author":"Lock","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021120906541258300_B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461S","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/83.2.461S","article-title":"Obesity and the role of adipose tissue in inflammation and metabolism.","volume":"83","author":"Greenberg","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"8","key":"2021120906541258300_B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.03.016","article-title":"Relationship of early life stress and psychological functioning to adult C-reactive protein in the coronary artery risk development in young adults study.","volume":"60","author":"Taylor","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021120906541258300_B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2010.09.023","article-title":"Correlations among inflammatory markers in plasma, saliva and oral mucosal transudate in post-menopausal women with past intimate partner violence.","volume":"25","author":"Fernandez-Botran","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021120906541258300_B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2009.08.005","article-title":"Are there bi-directional associations between depressive symptoms and C-reactive protein in mid-life women?","volume":"24","author":"Matthews","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"2021120906541258300_B30","unstructured":"Harris KM, Halpern CT, Whitsel E, et al. The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health: research design. Available at: www.cpc.unc.edu\/projects\/addhealth\/design. Accessed July 1, 2014"},{"key":"2021120906541258300_B31","volume-title":"Add Health Wave IV Documentation Cardiovascular and Anthropometric Measures","author":"Entzel","year":"2009"},{"key":"2021120906541258300_B32"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021120906541258300_B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2005.079020","article-title":"Differences in frequency of violence and reported injury between relationships with reciprocal and nonreciprocal intimate partner violence.","volume":"97","author":"Whitaker","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021120906541258300_B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-2452","article-title":"Child maltreatment in the United States: prevalence, risk factors, and adolescent health consequences.","volume":"118","author":"Hussey","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"4 pt 1","key":"2021120906541258300_B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.94.4.413","article-title":"Children as victims of violence: a national survey.","volume":"94","author":"Finkelhor","year":"1994","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2021120906541258300_B36","unstructured":"Straus MA, Kinard EM, Williams LM. The multidimensional neglectful behavior scale, form A: adolescent and adult-recall version. Available at: www.google.com\/url?sa=t&source=web&ct=res&cd=1&ved=0CAcQFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fpubpages.unh.edu%2F\u223cmas2%2FNS1H.pdf&ei=VrVgS9O1EIXWNv_ZsOgL&usg=AFQjCNFqI2GrW3SVoc4XziSGvU6b_J6g5g&sig2=Yr2OyjbqxQkLBh4gpoR1FA. Accessed June 15, 2014"},{"key":"2021120906541258300_B37","volume-title":"Child Maltreatment Surveillance: Uniform Definitions for Public Health and Recommended Data Elements, Version 1.0","author":"Leeb","year":"2008"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021120906541258300_B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2007.06.003","article-title":"Child maltreatment, youth violence, and intimate partner violence: developmental relationships.","volume":"33","author":"Fang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021120906541258300_B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1177\/014662167700100306","article-title":"The CES-D scale: a self-report depression scale for research in the general population.","volume":"1","year":"1977","journal-title":"Appl Psychol Meas"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021120906541258300_B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.73.1.47","article-title":"Measurement equivalence of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Latino and Anglo adolescents: a national study.","volume":"73","author":"Crockett","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Consult Clin Psychol"},{"key":"2021120906541258300_B41","volume-title":"Applied Missing Data Analysis","author":"Enders","year":"2010"},{"key":"2021120906541258300_B42"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021120906541258300_B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e159","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-789X.2010.00823.x","article-title":"Interpersonal violence in childhood as a risk factor for obesity: a systematic review of the literature and proposed pathways.","volume":"12","author":"Midei","year":"2011","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021120906541258300_B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-789X.2004.00145.x","article-title":"Childhood sexual abuse and obesity.","volume":"5","author":"Gustafson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021120906541258300_B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1001439","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001439","article-title":"Intimate partner violence and incident depressive symptoms and suicide attempts: a systematic review of longitudinal studies.","volume":"10","author":"Devries","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"2021120906541258300_B46"},{"key":"2021120906541258300_B47"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021120906541258300_B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.20421","article-title":"Adverse childhood events are associated with obesity and disordered eating: results from a U.S. population-based survey of young adults.","volume":"22","author":"Fuemmeler","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Trauma Stress"},{"key":"2021120906541258300_B49"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021120906541258300_B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2011.08.007","article-title":"A longitudinal examination of childhood maltreatment and adolescent obesity: results from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (AddHealth) Study.","volume":"36","author":"Shin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl"},{"issue":"6","key":"2021120906541258300_B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2008.03.008","article-title":"The link between childhood trauma and depression: insights from HPA axis studies in humans.","volume":"33","author":"Heim","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"8","key":"2021120906541258300_B52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1177\/1077801211414846","article-title":"Concomitant forms of abuse and help-seeking behavior among white, African American, and Latina women who experience intimate partner violence.","volume":"17","author":"Flicker","year":"2011","journal-title":"Violence Against Women"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021120906541258300_B53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(00)00239-7","article-title":"Help-seeking for intimate partner violence and forced sex in South Carolina.","volume":"19","author":"Coker","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"key":"2021120906541258300_B54"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021120906541258300_B55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1001\/archfami.9.5.451","article-title":"Physical health consequences of physical and psychological intimate partner violence.","volume":"9","author":"Coker","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Fam Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021120906541258300_B56","first-page":"1","article-title":"Youth risk behavior surveillance\u2014United States, 2009.","volume":"59","author":"Eaton","year":"2010","journal-title":"MMWR Surveill Summ"},{"key":"2021120906541258300_B57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1177\/1077801204265552","article-title":"Prevalence of Violence Against Dating Partners by Male and Female University Students Worldwide.","volume":"10","author":"Straus","year":"2004","journal-title":"Violence against women"},{"key":"2021120906541258300_B58"},{"issue":"7","key":"2021120906541258300_B59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1097\/01.jom.0000225045.77734.f4","article-title":"Association of healthcare costs with per unit body mass index increase.","volume":"48","author":"Wang","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Occup Environ Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"2021120906541258300_B60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-122-7-199504010-00001","article-title":"Weight gain as a risk factor for clinical diabetes mellitus in women.","volume":"122","author":"Colditz","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2021120906541258300_B61"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021120906541258300_B62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-1741","article-title":"The evaluation of children in the primary care setting when sexual abuse is suspected.","volume":"132","author":"Jenny","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatrics"}],"container-title":["Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/134\/4\/678\/1100464\/peds_2014-1179.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/134\/4\/678\/1100464\/peds_2014-1179.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,16]],"date-time":"2022-04-16T16:37:45Z","timestamp":1650127065000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article\/134\/4\/678\/33029\/Dating-Violence-Childhood-Maltreatment-and-BMI"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,1]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2014-1179","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-4005","1098-4275"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-4005","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-4275","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,1]]}}}