{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T03:26:24Z","timestamp":1772681184658,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>OBJECTIVE:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To determine safety of intramuscular botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) injections to reduce spasticity and improve care and comfort of nonambulatory children with cerebral palsy (CP).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Nonambulatory children with CP were randomly allocated to receive either BoNT-A (n = 23) or sham procedure (n = 18) in Cycle 1. In Cycle 2, the BoNT-A group received a second episode of BoNT-A (n = 20) and sham group received their first episode of BoNT-A (n = 17). A pediatric rehabilitation specialist masked to group allocation graded each adverse event (AE) according to system, severity (mild, moderate, serious, sentinel) and causality (unlikely\/unrelated; possible; probable\/definite).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>There was no difference for all moderate\/serious AEs between the BoNT-A and sham\/control groups in either Cycle 1 (incident rate ratio = 1.30, 95% confidence interval = 0.43\u20134.00; P = .64) or Cycle 2 (incident rate ratio = 0.72, 95% confidence interval = 0.30\u20131.75; P = .47). In Cycle 2, 1 serious, 3 moderate (single-episode group), and 24 mild (single-episode group n = 10; 2 episode group n = 14) AEs were probably\/definitely related to BoNT-A.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Children receiving BoNT-A were at no greater risk of moderate\/serious AEs compared with a sham control procedure. There was no increased risk of moderate\/serious AEs between one and two episodes of BoNT-A.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-0749","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,20]],"date-time":"2015-10-20T12:06:16Z","timestamp":1445342776000},"page":"895-904","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Safety of Botulinum Toxin Type A for Children With Nonambulatory Cerebral Palsy"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"136","author":[{"given":"Priya","family":"Edwards","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Queensland Paediatric Rehabilitation Service, Lady Cilento Children\u2019s Hospital, Brisbane Australia;"},{"name":"Queensland Cerebral Palsy and Rehabilitation Research Centre, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leanne","family":"Sakzewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queensland Cerebral Palsy and Rehabilitation Research Centre, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Copeland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queensland Paediatric Rehabilitation Service, Lady Cilento Children\u2019s Hospital, Brisbane Australia;"},{"name":"Queensland Cerebral Palsy and Rehabilitation Research Centre, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Gascoigne-Pees","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queensland Paediatric Rehabilitation Service, Lady Cilento Children\u2019s Hospital, Brisbane Australia;"},{"name":"Queensland Cerebral Palsy and Rehabilitation Research Centre, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kim","family":"McLennan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queensland Paediatric Rehabilitation Service, Lady Cilento Children\u2019s Hospital, Brisbane Australia;"},{"name":"Queensland Cerebral Palsy and Rehabilitation Research Centre, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Megan","family":"Thorley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queensland Paediatric Rehabilitation Service, Lady Cilento Children\u2019s Hospital, Brisbane Australia;"},{"name":"Queensland Cerebral Palsy and Rehabilitation Research Centre, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Megan","family":"Kentish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queensland Paediatric Rehabilitation Service, Lady Cilento Children\u2019s Hospital, Brisbane Australia;"},{"name":"Queensland Cerebral Palsy and Rehabilitation Research Centre, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Ware","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Children's Health Research, Children's Health Queensland, and"},{"name":"School of Population Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roslyn N.","family":"Boyd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queensland Cerebral Palsy and Rehabilitation Research Centre, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021120906125884000_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2010.03126.x","article-title":"Botulinum toxin assessment, intervention and after-care for lower limb spasticity in children with cerebral palsy: international consensus 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