{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T07:29:02Z","timestamp":1781940542894,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Before hospital discharge, newborn infants should be assessed for the risk of excessive hyperbilirubinemia. We determined maternal and obstetric risk factors for hyperbilirubinemia in infants born at term (gestational age \u226537 weeks) to form an individualized risk assessment tool for clinical use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was a population-based study with data from the Swedish Medical Birth Register from 1999 to 2012, including 1\u2009261\u2009948 singleton infants. Outcome was defined as infants diagnosed with hyperbilirubinemia (N = 23\u2009711), excluding all cases of hemolytic (immune-mediated or other specified hemolytic) diseases of the newborn.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Risk factors with an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia of \u22651.5 (medium-sized effect or more) were gestational age 37 to 38 weeks (aOR = 2.83), failed vacuum extraction (aOR = 2.79), vacuum extraction (aOR = 2.22), Asian mother (aOR = 2.09), primipara (aOR = 2.06), large-for-gestational-age infant (aOR = 1.84), obese mother (aOR = 1.83), and small-for-gestational-age infant (aOR = 1.66). Planned cesarean delivery (CD) was associated with a reduced risk (aOR = 0.45). Without any of these risk factors (normal birth weight infant delivered vaginally at 39 to 41 weeks\u2019 gestation by a non-Asian, nonobese, multiparous mother) the rate of nonhemolytic neonatal hyperbilirubinemia was 0.7%. In relation to the combined load of different risk factors, rates of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia ranged from 0.2% to 25%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Collection of a few easily available maternal and obstetric risk factors predicts &amp;gt;100-fold variation in the incidence of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. The information provided herein enables individualized risk prediction with interactions between different risk factors taken into account.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-2001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,10]],"date-time":"2015-11-10T02:13:16Z","timestamp":1447121596000},"page":"1087-1094","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Predicting Nonhemolytic Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"136","author":[{"given":"Mikael","family":"Norman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Divisions of Pediatrics, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology,"},{"name":"Department of Neonatal Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katarina","family":"\u00c5berg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive Health, Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karin","family":"Holmsten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IVF Clinic Ume\u00e5, IVF Sweden AB, Ume\u00e5, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vania","family":"Weibel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Ek\u00e9us","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive Health, Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"2021120906132515800_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200102223440807","article-title":"Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.","volume":"344","author":"Dennery","year":"2001","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"2021120906132515800_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S17","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jp.7210627","article-title":"The biology of bilirubin production","volume":"21","author":"Dennery","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Perinatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021120906132515800_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.110.4.e47","article-title":"Imbalance between production and conjugation of bilirubin: a fundamental concept in the mechanism of neonatal jaundice.","volume":"110","author":"Kaplan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"2021120906132515800_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S21","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jp.7210628","article-title":"Understanding newborn jaundice","volume":"21","author":"Stevenson","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Perinatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021120906132515800_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.114.1.263","article-title":"Hyperbilirubinemia and kernicterus: 50 years later.","volume":"114","author":"Ip","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"18","key":"2021120906132515800_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1889","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa054244","article-title":"Outcomes among newborns with total serum bilirubin levels of 25 mg per deciliter or more.","volume":"354","author":"Newman","year":"2006","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"2021120906132515800_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2001.tb01368.x","article-title":"Recurrence of kernicterus in term and near-term infants in Denmark.","volume":"89","author":"Ebbesen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021120906132515800_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.114.1.e130","article-title":"An evidence-based review of important issues concerning neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.","volume":"114","author":"Ip","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021120906132515800_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2002.123098","article-title":"System-based approach to management of neonatal jaundice and prevention of kernicterus.","volume":"140","author":"Johnson","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021120906132515800_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1159\/000113463","article-title":"Management of jaundice and prevention of severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in infants &gt; 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