{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T15:24:20Z","timestamp":1791300260285,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,1]]},"abstract":"\n CONTEXT:<\/jats:title>\n Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) and prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) are associated with behavioral difficulties, although there are no published systematic reviews that summarize and critique the literature.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n OBJECTIVE:<\/jats:title>\n To describe the behavioral characteristics of children with PAE and\/or FASD, assessed using the Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessments (ASEBA) for school-aged children with parent, teacher, and youth (self-report) forms.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n DATA SOURCES:<\/jats:title>\n Electronic literature databases, reference lists, hand-searches.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n STUDY SELECTION:<\/jats:title>\n peer-reviewed observational studies.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n DATA EXTRACTION:<\/jats:title>\n Study appraisal and data extraction were undertaken by 2 independent assessors. Meta-analyses were performed for parent-rated Internalizing, Externalizing, and Total problems scales. All other ASEBA scales were summarized qualitatively.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n Included were 23 articles; 16 were used in meta-analyses. Pooled results showed higher Total (mean difference 12.1, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 7.7\u201316.5), Internalizing (6.3, 95% CI 3.1\u20139.5), and Externalizing problems scores (12.5, 95% CI 7.9\u201317.0) in FASD than No FASD; and greater odds of scoring in the \u201cClinical\u201d range in FASD. Pooled results demonstrated higher problem scores in children with PAE (P &gt; .05). Qualitative summaries of other scales from parents, teachers, and self-report show poorer behavior ratings in children with FASD and PAE on composite Problem and Competence scores and many Syndrome subscales.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n LIMITATIONS:<\/jats:title>\n Findings were restricted to behaviors assessed using the ASEBA. The published literature was limited, often with only 1 study reporting on a particular scale.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n Meta-analysis reveals that FASD and PAE are associated with problematic behavior in many, but not all domains. This clearly affects families, and should be considered in clinical practice by providers.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-2542","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,23]],"date-time":"2016-02-23T02:13:27Z","timestamp":1456193607000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":91,"title":["Prenatal Alcohol Exposure, FASD, and Child Behavior: A Meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"137","author":[{"given":"Tracey W.","family":"Tsang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, The Children\u2019s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia;"},{"name":"The George Institute for Global Health, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara R.","family":"Lucas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, The Children\u2019s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia;"},{"name":"The George Institute for Global Health, and"},{"name":"Poche Centre for Indigenous Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia;"},{"name":"Physiotherapy Department, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather","family":"Carmichael Olson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle Children\u2019s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafael Z.","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Fisioterapia, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brazil;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth J.","family":"Elliott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, The Children\u2019s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia;"},{"name":"The George Institute for Global Health, and"},{"name":"The Sydney Children\u2019s Hospital Networks (Westmead), Westmead, New South Wales, Australia;"},{"name":"The Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit, Kids\u2019 Research Institute, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2021120919111244900_B1","first-page":"e344","article-title":"Development of Canadian screening tools for fetal alcohol spectrum disorder.","volume":"15","author":"Goh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Can J Clin 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