{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T14:59:05Z","timestamp":1788188345950,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>OBJECTIVE:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To describe the prevalence and gender characteristics of mental health problems in extremely preterm\/extremely low birth weight (EP\/ELBW) children without intellectual disabilities, blindness, deafness, or severe cerebral palsy compared with a reference group at 11 years of age.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In a national cohort of EP\/ELBW children, mental health was assessed by parental and teacher report by using the Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire, the Swanson, Noland, and Pelham Questionnaire IV (attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder), the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders, symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and a total difficulties score from the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire. Pervasive rating was defined as both parent and teacher scoring the child \u226595th percentile (\u226590th percentile for total difficulties score) of the reference group, which was the population-based Bergen Child Study.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Of eligible children, 216 (64%) EP\/ELBW and 1882 (61%) reference children participated. EP\/ELBW children were at significantly increased risk of pervasive rated symptoms of autism (odds ratio 4.3, 95% confidence interval 2.0\u20139.3), inattention (8.3, 4.4\u201315), anxiety (2.3, 1.4\u20133.7), OCD (2.6, 1.4\u20133.7), and \u226590th percentile for total difficulties score (4.9, 2.9\u20138.2). Reported by either parents or teachers, 54% of the EP\/ELBW and 21% of the reference children had \u22651 mental health problem (odds ratio 4.5, 95% confidence interval 3.3\u20136.1). There were no significant interactions between EP\/ELBW and gender in mental health outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>EP\/ELBW children without severe disabilities had increased risk of symptoms of autism, inattention, anxiety, and OCD. Gender differences were comparable to the reference group.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-3002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,4]],"date-time":"2016-03-04T13:22:57Z","timestamp":1457097777000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Mental Health in Children Born Extremely Preterm Without Severe Neurodevelopmental Disabilities"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"137","author":[{"given":"Silje Katrine Elgen","family":"Fevang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway;"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mari","family":"Hysing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Uni Research Health, Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Bergen, 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