{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T22:29:19Z","timestamp":1773268159046,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Underimmunization of certain immigrant populations can place them at high risk of experiencing vaccine-preventable disease outbreaks.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective cohort study between January 1, 2008, and May 1, 2013, among children included in the Washington State Immunization Information System. We assessed receipt of 1 or more doses of measles-containing, hepatitis A, pneumococcal, and diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis-containing vaccines between 12 and 23 months of age. We compared children with 1 or more parents born in Somalia, Ukraine, Russia, Mexico, or India to children with 2 parents born in the United States. Poisson regression models with robust SEs were used to provide prevalence ratios adjusted for maternal education and number of prenatal visits.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We identified 277\u2009098 children, including 65\u2009466 with foreign-born parents. Children of Somali-born parents were less likely to be immunized against measles than children of US-born parents (prevalence ratio: 0.82; 95% confidence interval: 0.80\u20130.84); this decrease became more pronounced over time (P &amp;lt; .01). No such disparity between these groups was observed with other vaccines. Compared with children of US-born parents, children of Ukrainian-born and Russian-born parents were less likely to be immunized, whereas children of Mexican-born and Indian-born parents were more likely to be immunized with any of the specified vaccines.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We found country-specific patterns of immunization that may reflect underlying cultural or other beliefs. Certain immigrant communities with higher rates of immunization refusal may be at risk for vaccine-preventable diseases and require new forms of public health outreach.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-4544","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,29]],"date-time":"2016-06-29T09:38:15Z","timestamp":1467193095000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Parental Country of Birth and Childhood Vaccination Uptake in Washington State"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"138","author":[{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Wolf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and"},{"name":"Seattle Children\u2019s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington;"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Rowhani-Rahbar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seattle Children\u2019s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington;"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Azadeh","family":"Tasslimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington State Department of Health, Communicable Disease Epidemiology, Shoreline, Washington"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jasmine","family":"Matheson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington State Department of Health, Communicable Disease Epidemiology, Shoreline, Washington"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chas","family":"DeBolt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington State Department of Health, Communicable Disease Epidemiology, Shoreline, Washington"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2021120904580981800_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1007\/s10903-007-9048-8","article-title":"Timely immunization series completion among children of immigrants.","volume":"10","author":"Buelow","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Immigr Minor Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021120904580981800_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.110.2.e15","article-title":"Vaccination coverage of foreign-born children 19 to 35 months of age: findings from the National Immunization Survey, 1999\u20132000.","volume":"110","author":"Strine","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"11","key":"2021120904580981800_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1728","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.89.11.1728","article-title":"Children on the move and vaccination coverage in a low-income, urban Latino population.","volume":"89","author":"Findley","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021120904580981800_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-4260","article-title":"An outbreak of measles in an undervaccinated community.","volume":"134","author":"Gahr","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021120904580981800_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.3122\/jabfm.2014.04.130275","article-title":"Childhood vaccine beliefs reported by Somali and non-Somali parents.","volume":"27","author":"Wolff","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Board Fam Med"},{"key":"2021120904580981800_B6","author":"Shenoy"},{"key":"2021120904580981800_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1525\/9780520940482","volume-title":"Immigrant America: A 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