{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,17]],"date-time":"2026-05-17T09:43:25Z","timestamp":1779011005564,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>OBJECTIVES:<\/jats:title><jats:p>For asthma, attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), the objectives were to (1) describe the percent increases in prevalence and comorbidity and how these vary by poverty status, and (2) examine the extent to which poverty status is a predictor of higher than average comorbid conditions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Secondary analyses of the National Survey of Children\u2019s Health for years 2003, 2007, and 2011\u20132012 were conducted to identify trends in parent reported lifetime prevalence and comorbidity among children with asthma, ADHD, and ASD and examine variation by sociodemographic characteristics, poverty status, and insurance coverage. Using 2011\u20132012 data, multivariable regression was used to examine whether poverty status predicted higher than average comorbid conditions after adjusting for other sociodemographic characteristics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Parent-reported lifetime prevalence of asthma and ADHD rose 18% and 44%, respectively, whereas the lifetime prevalence of ASD rose almost 400% (from 0.5% to 2%). For asthma, the rise was most prominent among the poor at 25.8%. For ADHD, the percent change by poverty status was similar (&amp;lt;100% federal poverty level [FPL]: 43.20%, 100% to 199% FPL: 52.38%, 200% to 399% FPL: 43.67%), although rise in ASD was associated with being nonpoor (200% to 399% FPL: 43.6%, \u2265400% FPL: 36.0%). Publicly insured children with asthma, ADHD, and ASD also had significantly higher odds (1.9\u00d7, 1.6\u00d7, 3.0\u00d7, respectively) of having higher than average comorbidities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Poverty status differentially influenced parent-reported lifetime prevalence and comorbidities of these target disorders. Future research is needed to examine parent and system-level characteristics that may further explain poverty\u2019s variable impact.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-2539","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,13]],"date-time":"2017-02-13T17:58:07Z","timestamp":1487008687000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Poverty and Trends in Three Common Chronic Disorders"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"139","author":[{"given":"Christian D.","family":"Pulcini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh of University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bonnie T.","family":"Zima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCLA-Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kelly J.","family":"Kelleher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nationwide Children\u2019s Hospital and The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amy J.","family":"Houtrow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh of University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania;"},{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3 part 2","key":"2021120907431933100_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.112.S3.707","article-title":"Effect of child and family poverty on child health in the United States.","volume":"112","author":"Wood","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"11","key":"2021120907431933100_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1994.02170110029005","article-title":"Poverty and childhood chronic illness.","volume":"148","author":"Newacheck","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"2021120907431933100_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2010.05.017","article-title":"Lifetime prevalence of mental disorders in U.S. adolescents: results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication\u2014Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A).","volume":"49","author":"Merikangas","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021120907431933100_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1097\/01.DBP.0000267557.80834.e5","article-title":"Developmental and behavioral comorbidities of asthma in children.","volume":"28","author":"Blackman","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Dev Behav Pediatr"},{"key":"2021120907431933100_B5","unstructured":"Social Security Administration . 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