{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T03:55:14Z","timestamp":1793505314969,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Adolescent use of tobacco in any form is unsafe; yet the use of electronic cigarettes and other electronic vapor products (EVPs) has increased in recent years among this age group. We assessed the prevalence and frequency of cigarette smoking and EVP use among high school students, and associations between health-risk behaviors and both cigarette smoking and EVP use.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We used 2015 national Youth Risk Behavior Survey data (N = 15\u2009624) to classify students into 4 mutually exclusive categories of smoking and EVP use based on 30-day use: nonuse, cigarette smoking only, EVP use only, and dual use. Prevalence of cigarette smoking and EVP use were assessed overall and by student demographics and frequency of use. Prevalence ratios were calculated to identify associations with health risk-behaviors.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In 2015, 73.5% of high school students did not smoke cigarettes or use EVPs, 3.2% smoked cigarettes only, 15.8% used EVPs only, and 7.5% were dual users. Frequency of cigarette smoking and EVP use was greater among dual users than cigarette-only smokers and EVP-only users. Cigarette-only smokers, EVP-only users, and dual users were more likely than nonusers to engage in several injury, violence, and substance use behaviors; have \u22654 lifetime sexual partners; be currently sexually active; and drink soda \u22653 times\/day. Only dual users were more likely than nonusers not to use a condom at last sexual intercourse.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>EVP use, alone and concurrent with cigarette smoking, is associated with health-risk behaviors among high school students.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-2921","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,23]],"date-time":"2017-01-23T10:10:35Z","timestamp":1485166235000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":110,"title":["Adolescent Risk Behaviors and Use of Electronic Vapor Products and Cigarettes"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"139","author":[{"given":"Zewditu","family":"Demissie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Adolescent and School Health, National Center for HIV\/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention and"},{"name":"US Public Health Service Commissioned Corps, Rockville, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sherry","family":"Everett Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Adolescent and School Health, National Center for HIV\/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather B.","family":"Clayton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Adolescent and School Health, National Center for HIV\/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian A.","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"2021120921112196900_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.291.10.1238","article-title":"Actual causes of death in the United States, 2000.","volume":"291","author":"Mokdad","year":"2004","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2021120921112196900_B2","volume-title":"The Health Consequences of Smoking\u201450 Years of Progress: A Report of the Surgeon General","author":"US Department of Health and Human Services","year":"2014"},{"key":"2021120921112196900_B3","volume-title":"How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease: What It Means to You","author":"US Department of Health and Human Services","year":"2010"},{"issue":"14","key":"2021120921112196900_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6514a1","article-title":"Tobacco use among middle and high school students\u2014United States, 2011\u20132015.","volume":"65","author":"Singh","year":"2016","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"6","key":"2021120921112196900_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.ss6506a1","article-title":"Youth risk behavior surveillance\u2014United States, 2015.","volume":"65","author":"Kann","year":"2016","journal-title":"MMWR Surveill Summ"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021120921112196900_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-3222","article-title":"Electronic nicotine delivery systems.","volume":"136","author":"Walley","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2021120921112196900_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"h5728","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h5728","article-title":"E-cigarettes could addict a new generation of youth to nicotine, doctors are told.","volume":"351","author":"McCarthy","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021120921112196900_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.2174\/1874473707666141015220110","article-title":"The changing face of tobacco use among United States youth.","volume":"7","author":"Lauterstein","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Drug Abuse Rev"},{"key":"2021120921112196900_B9","volume-title":"The Health Consequences of Smoking: Nicotine Addiction. 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