{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T18:57:27Z","timestamp":1769972247104,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"Supplement_5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Oxcarbazepine is an antiepileptic drug (AED) commonly used as a first-line treatment option for focal epilepsy. Several AEDs, including carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, and phenytoin are associated with various delayed-hypersensitivity reactions such as drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, or toxic epidermal necrolysis. The Food and Drug Administration\u2013approved label for oxcarbazepine currently presents information regarding a pharmacogenomic association with the HLA antigen allele HLA-B*15:02 and hypersensitivity reactions in certain ancestry groups with a high incidence of this allele. However, unlike carbamazepine, screening for the presence of this allele is not routinely recommended before administration of oxcarbazepine. In practice, even with carbamazepine, HLA antigen testing is not always performed before initiating treatment because of lack of physician awareness of the recommendations and because of the desire to initiate treatment without delay. We present the clinical course of a pediatric patient with focal epilepsy refractory to several AEDs who developed drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms after oxcarbazepine administration. The pharmacogenomic testing for various HLA antigen alleles was performed post hoc, and results were evaluated for structural similarities between AEDs and their molecular associations with HLA antigen proteins. In addition, we review the population-wide prevalence of various hypersensitivity reactions to AEDs and associated HLA antigen alleles. Finally, we discuss the potential utility of preemptive pharmacogenomic screening of patients before pharmacological treatment of epilepsy to assess the risk of developing hypersensitivity reactions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2017-1361","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,2]],"date-time":"2018-04-02T08:35:25Z","timestamp":1522658125000},"page":"S434-S438","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["<i>HLA-A*31:01<\/i> and Oxcarbazepine-Induced DRESS in a Patient With Seizures and Complete <i>DCX<\/i> Deletion"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"141","author":[{"given":"Hyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pharmacogenomics Service,"},{"name":"Departments of Pharmacy and"},{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences University, Boston, Massachusetts; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Chadwick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pharmacogenomics Service,"},{"name":"Departments of Pharmacy and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasir","family":"Alzaidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences University, Boston, Massachusetts; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Picker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pharmacogenomics Service,"},{"name":"Division of Genetics and Genomics, and"},{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annapurna","family":"Poduri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts;"},{"name":"Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shannon","family":"Manzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pharmacogenomics Service,"},{"name":"Departments of Pharmacy and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2021121020463971900_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/S1085-5629(96)80038-1","article-title":"Drug-induced pseudolymphoma and drug hypersensitivity syndrome (Drug Rash with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms: DRESS).","volume":"15","author":"Bocquet","year":"1996","journal-title":"Semin Cutan Med Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121020463971900_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12501","article-title":"Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS): an original multisystem adverse drug reaction. 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