{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T01:51:00Z","timestamp":1788918660443,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Obesity-promoting content and weight-stigmatizing messages are common in child-directed television programming and advertisements, and 1 study found similar trends in G- and PG-rated movies from 2006 to 2010. Our objective was to examine the prevalence of such content in more recent popular children\u2019s movies.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Raters examined 31 top-grossing G- and PG-rated movies released from 2012 to 2015. For each 10-minute segment (N = 302) and for movies as units, raters documented the presence of eating-, activity-, and weight-related content observed on-screen. To assess interrater reliability, 10 movies (32%) were coded by more than 1 rater.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The result of Cohen\u2019s \u03ba test of agreement among 3 raters was 0.65 for binary responses (good agreement). All 31 movies included obesity-promoting content; most common were unhealthy foods (87% of movies, 42% of segments), exaggerated portion sizes (71%, 29%), screen use (68%, 38%), and sugar-sweetened beverages (61%, 24%). Weight-based stigma, such as a verbal insult about body size or weight, was observed in 84% of movies and 30% of segments.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Children\u2019s movies include much obesogenic and weight-stigmatizing content. These messages are not shown in isolated incidences; rather, they often appear on-screen multiple times throughout the entire movie. Future research should explore these trends over time, and their effects.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2017-2126","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,20]],"date-time":"2017-11-20T08:30:26Z","timestamp":1511166626000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Obesogenic Behavior and Weight-Based Stigma in Popular Children\u2019s Movies, 2012 to 2015"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"140","author":[{"given":"Janna B.","family":"Howard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics and"},{"name":"Duke Center for Childhood Obesity Research, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asheley Cockrell","family":"Skinner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke Center for Childhood Obesity Research, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina;"},{"name":"Medicine and"},{"name":"Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie N.","family":"Ravanbakht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics and"},{"name":"Duke Center for Childhood Obesity Research, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jane D.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Media and Journalism and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Perrin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Sociology and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Steiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eliana M.","family":"Perrin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics and"},{"name":"Duke Center for Childhood Obesity Research, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021121022440942100_B1","volume-title":"Prevalence of Obesity Among Children and Adolescents: United States, Trends 1963\u20131965 Through 2009\u20132010","author":"Fryar","year":"2012"},{"issue":"21","key":"2021121022440942100_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2292","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.6361","article-title":"Trends in obesity prevalence among children and adolescents in the United States, 1988-1994 through 2013-2014.","volume":"315","author":"Ogden","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"10","key":"2021121022440942100_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1995.02170230039005","article-title":"Overweight prevalence and trends for children and adolescents. 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