{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T03:15:06Z","timestamp":1787022906499,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVES:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine if longitudinal associations exist between parental incarceration (PI) and health care use or health behaviors among a national sample of young adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We used the National Longitudinal Survey of Adolescent to Adult Health to examine associations between history of mother incarceration (MI) and father incarceration (FI), health care use, and 3 dimensions of health behaviors (eg, general health behaviors, substance use, and other risky behaviors) (N = 13\u2009084). Multivariable logistic regression models accounted for individual, family, and geographic factors and generated adjusted odds ratios (aORs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Over 10% of the sample had a history of PI before the age of 18. History of MI and FI were both associated with forgone health care (aOR = 1.65 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.20\u20132.27], aOR = 1.22 [95% CI, 1.02\u20131.47], respectively), prescription drug abuse (MI aOR = 1.61 [95% CI, 1.02\u20132.55], FI aOR = 1.46 [95% CI, 1.20\u20131.79]), and 10 or more lifetime sexual partners (MI aOR = 1.55 [95% CI, 1.08\u20132.22], FI aOR = 1.19 [95% CI, 1.01\u20131.41]). MI was associated with higher likelihood of emergency department use (aOR = 2.36 [95% CI, 1.51\u20133.68]), and FI was associated with illicit injection drug use (aOR = 2.54 [95% CI, 1.27\u20135.12]).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The effects of incarceration extend beyond incarcerated individuals. PI histories are associated with lower health care use and unhealthy behaviors in young adulthood. By addressing barriers to health care and health-harming behaviors, health care providers and policy makers may reduce health disparities among this population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2017-4314","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,9]],"date-time":"2018-07-09T03:35:12Z","timestamp":1531107312000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Health Care Use and Health Behaviors Among Young Adults With History of Parental Incarceration"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"142","author":[{"given":"Nia","family":"Heard-Garris","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Clinical Scholars Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan;"},{"name":"Division of Academic General Pediatrics and"},{"name":"Mary Ann & J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research, Outreach, and Advocacy Center, Stanley Manne Children\u2019s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois;"},{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tyler N.A.","family":"Winkelman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Clinical Scholars Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan;"},{"name":"Departments of Medicine and"},{"name":"Pediatrics, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, Minnesota;"},{"name":"Center for Patient and Provider Experience, Minneapolis Medical Research Foundation, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, Minnesota;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hwajung","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex K.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Clinical Scholars Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan;"},{"name":"University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristin","family":"Kan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Academic General Pediatrics and"},{"name":"Mary Ann & J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research, Outreach, and Advocacy Center, Stanley Manne Children\u2019s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois;"},{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Shlafer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew M.","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Academic General Pediatrics and"},{"name":"Mary Ann & J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research, Outreach, and Advocacy Center, Stanley Manne Children\u2019s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois;"},{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics,"},{"name":"Medicine,"},{"name":"Medical Social Sciences, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021121018374177500_B1","unstructured":"Murphey\u2008D, Cooper\u2008PM; Child Trends. Parents behind bars: what happens to their children? 2015. Available at: https:\/\/www.childtrends.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/2015-42ParentsBehindBars.pdf. Accessed November 2, 2017"},{"key":"2021121018374177500_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Glaze\u2008LE, Maruschak\u2008LM; Bureau of Justice Statistics. Parents in prison and their minor children. 2008. Available at: https:\/\/www.bjs.gov\/content\/pub\/pdf\/pptmc.pdf. 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