{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T18:28:32Z","timestamp":1791570512619,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Youth with cognitive impairment or developmental disability (CI\/DD) face higher rates of obesity and secondary medical issues. Bariatric surgery may be a helpful tool for health improvement because it has been shown efficacious for adolescents. We aim to contribute to literature regarding bariatric surgery for adolescents with CI\/DD and explore the association between cognitive functioning and weight loss outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Adolescents (N = 64) received a preoperative psychological evaluation, including cognitive assessment, and bariatric surgery at 1 weight loss program between 2010 and 2017. For these adolescents with measured cognitive performance, CI\/DD was defined by an IQ &amp;lt;80 or previous diagnosis. In analyses, we compared adolescents with and without CI\/DD. Structural equation modeling was used to assess the impact of cognitive functioning on weight loss 3 to 24 months postsurgery.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>There were no significant differences between adolescents with or without CI\/DD in terms of preoperative BMI, age, and sex. Having CI\/DD did not significantly impact weight loss or weight loss trajectory in the 2 years after surgery, although modeling revealed a trend toward individuals with CI\/DD losing more weight over time. Similarly, intelligence scores did not predict weight loss after surgery.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Bariatric surgery may be a helpful tool for adolescents with severe obesity and CI\/DD. They could benefit from the surgery as much as those with typical development, and having CI\/DD should not be used as a criterion to deny surgery. Continuing research with this population can be used to determine long-term outcomes in addition to defining best practices.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2018-2908","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,15]],"date-time":"2019-04-15T12:25:25Z","timestamp":1555331125000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Sleeve Gastrectomy for Youth With Cognitive Impairment or Developmental Disability"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"143","author":[{"given":"Sarah E.","family":"Hornack","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Translational Research, Children\u2019s National Health System, Washington, District of Columbia;"},{"name":"School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evan P.","family":"Nadler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Translational Research, Children\u2019s National Health System, Washington, District of Columbia;"},{"name":"School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jichuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Translational Research, Children\u2019s National Health System, Washington, District of Columbia;"},{"name":"School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amysue","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleanor R.","family":"Mackey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Translational Research, Children\u2019s National Health System, Washington, District of Columbia;"},{"name":"School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021121013173788300_B1","volume-title":"Prevalence of Obesity Among Adults and Youth: United States, 2015-2016","author":"Hales","year":"2017"},{"issue":"21","key":"2021121013173788300_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2292","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.6361","article-title":"Trends in obesity prevalence among children and adolescents in the United States, 1988-1994 through 2013-2014.","volume":"315","author":"Ogden","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"7","key":"2021121013173788300_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.12408","article-title":"Prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"17","author":"Ma\u00efano","year":"2016","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121013173788300_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1089\/chi.2018.0015","article-title":"Children with intellectual disability are vulnerable to overweight and obesity: a cross-sectional study among Chinese children.","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Child Obes"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121013173788300_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2788.2012.01615.x","article-title":"Obesity and overweight in intellectual and non-intellectually disabled children.","volume":"58","author":"Slevin","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Intellect Disabil Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"2021121013173788300_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2788.2010.01305.x","article-title":"Obesity and obesity-related secondary conditions in adolescents with intellectual\/developmental disabilities.","volume":"54","author":"Rimmer","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Intellect Disabil Res"},{"key":"2021121013173788300_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2016.02.046","article-title":"Retrospective study of obesity in children with down syndrome.","volume":"173","author":"Basil","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"8","key":"2021121013173788300_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1964","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-014-1442-y","article-title":"Prevalence and impact of unhealthy weight in a national sample of US adolescents with autism and other learning and behavioral disabilities.","volume":"18","author":"Phillips","year":"2014","journal-title":"Matern Child Health J"},{"issue":"6","key":"2021121013173788300_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2047-6310.2013.00203.x","article-title":"IQ and obesity in adolescence: a population-based, cross-sectional study.","volume":"9","author":"Goldberg","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatr Obes"},{"issue":"9","key":"2021121013173788300_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1461","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwt135","article-title":"Is obesity associated with a decline in intelligence quotient during the first half of the life course?","volume":"178","author":"Belsky","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121013173788300_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-789X.2010.00744.x","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities.","volume":"12","author":"Ma\u00efano","year":"2011","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"2021121013173788300_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.22196","article-title":"Treatment options for severe obesity in the pediatric population: current limitations and future opportunities.","volume":"26","author":"Ryder","year":"2018","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"issue":"8","key":"2021121013173788300_B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1177\/0193945917697664","article-title":"Treatment of obesity among youth with intellectual and developmental disabilities: an emerging role for telenursing.","volume":"39","author":"Bennett","year":"2017","journal-title":"West J Nurs Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"2021121013173788300_B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1178","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph14101178","article-title":"The impact of a school-based weight management program involving parents via mHealth for overweight and obese children and adolescents with intellectual disability: a randomized controlled trial.","volume":"14","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"2021121013173788300_B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2016.10.009","article-title":"Weight management for adolescents with intellectual and developmental disabilities: rationale and design for an 18month randomized trial.","volume":"51","author":"Donnelly","year":"2016","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Trials"},{"issue":"6","key":"2021121013173788300_B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1089\/chi.2016.0334","article-title":"Long-term outcomes of a multidisciplinary weight management intervention for youth with disabilities.","volume":"13","author":"Pona","year":"2017","journal-title":"Child Obes"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121013173788300_B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1037\/h0100858","article-title":"Behavioral health in developmental disabilities: a comprehensive program of nutrition, exercise, and weight reduction.","volume":"4","author":"Fleming","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Behav Consult Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121013173788300_B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2013.182","article-title":"Bariatric surgery in adolescents and young adults\u2013safety and effectiveness in a cohort of 345 patients.","volume":"38","author":"Lennerz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Obes (Lond)"},{"issue":"9","key":"2021121013173788300_B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e230","DOI":"10.3928\/00904481-20140825-10","article-title":"Bariatric surgery in obese adolescents: opportunities and challenges.","volume":"43","author":"Wasserman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatr Ann"},{"issue":"12","key":"2021121013173788300_B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3110","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-017-2738-y","article-title":"Long-term outcome of bariatric surgery in morbidly obese adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 950 patients with a minimum of 3 years follow-up.","volume":"27","author":"Shoar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121013173788300_B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1111\/cob.12232","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness of bariatric surgery in adolescents with severe obesity in the UK.","volume":"8","author":"Panca","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Obes"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121013173788300_B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2015.02.014","article-title":"Bariatric surgery in the cognitively impaired.","volume":"11","author":"Daigle","year":"2015","journal-title":"Surg Obes Relat Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121013173788300_B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2016.09.005","article-title":"Bariatric surgery and intellectual disability: furthering evidence-based practice.","volume":"10","author":"Gibbons","year":"2017","journal-title":"Disabil Health J"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121013173788300_B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2015.07.014","article-title":"Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in children and adolescents with Prader-Willi syndrome: a matched-control study.","volume":"12","author":"Alqahtani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Surg Obes Relat Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121013173788300_B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.114.1.217","article-title":"Bariatric surgery for severely overweight adolescents: concerns and recommendations.","volume":"114","author":"Inge","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121013173788300_B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2005.37","article-title":"Best practice guidelines in pediatric\/adolescent weight loss surgery.","volume":"13","author":"Apovian","year":"2005","journal-title":"Obes Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121013173788300_B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2008.577","article-title":"Best practice updates for pediatric\/adolescent weight loss surgery.","volume":"17","author":"Pratt","year":"2009","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121013173788300_B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1177\/0734282912467756","article-title":"Review of the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence, Second Edition (WASI-II).","volume":"31","author":"McCrimmon","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Psychoeduc Assess"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121013173788300_B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1381\/096089203764467117","article-title":"Recommendations for reporting weight loss.","volume":"13","author":"Deitel","year":"2003","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121013173788300_B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02294746","article-title":"Latent curve analysis.","volume":"55","author":"Meredith","year":"1990","journal-title":"Psychometrika"},{"key":"2021121013173788300_B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118356258","volume-title":"Structural Equation Modeling: Applications Using Mplus","author":"Wang","year":"2012"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121013173788300_B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1037\/1082-989X.2.4.371","article-title":"General longitudinal modeling of individual differences in experimental designs: a latent variable framework for analysis and power estimation.","volume":"2","author":"Muth\u00e9n","year":"1997","journal-title":"Psychol Methods"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121013173788300_B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1080\/10705519509540009","article-title":"Modeling the processes of development via latent variable growth curve methodology.","volume":"2","author":"Duncan","year":"1995","journal-title":"Struct Equ Modeling"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121013173788300_B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327906mbr3904_4","article-title":"Evaluation of the Bayesian and maximum likelihood approaches in analyzing structural equation models with small sample sizes.","volume":"39","author":"Lee","year":"2004","journal-title":"Multivariate Behav Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121013173788300_B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1037\/a0026802","article-title":"Bayesian structural equation modeling: a more flexible representation of substantive theory.","volume":"17","author":"Muth\u00e9n","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychol Methods"},{"key":"2021121013173788300_B36","author":"Muth\u00e9n"},{"key":"2021121013173788300_B37","volume-title":"Applied Missing Data Analysis","author":"Enders","year":"2010"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121013173788300_B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1207\/S15328007SEM0803_5","article-title":"The relative performance of full information maximum likelihood estimation for missing data in structural equation models.","volume":"8","author":"Enders","year":"2001","journal-title":"Struct Equ Modeling"},{"key":"2021121013173788300_B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.58.110405.085530","article-title":"Missing data analysis: making it work in the real world.","volume":"60","author":"Graham","year":"2009","journal-title":"Annu Rev Psychol"},{"key":"2021121013173788300_B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119013563","volume-title":"Statistical Analysis with Missing Data","author":"Little","year":"2002","edition":"2nd ed."},{"key":"2021121013173788300_B41","volume-title":"Mplus User\u2019s Guide","author":"Muth\u00e9n","year":"1998\u20132017","edition":"8th ed."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121013173788300_B42","first-page":"733","article-title":"Posterior predictive assessment of model fitness via realized discrepancies.","volume":"6","author":"Gelman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Stat Sin"},{"issue":"12","key":"2021121013173788300_B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1001\/2013.jamapediatrics.319","article-title":"Response of severely obese children and adolescents to behavioral treatment.","volume":"166","author":"Danielsson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med"}],"container-title":["Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1542\/peds.2018-2908\/1076893\/peds_20182908.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1542\/peds.2018-2908\/1076893\/peds_20182908.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,11]],"date-time":"2021-12-11T02:19:56Z","timestamp":1639189196000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article\/143\/5\/e20182908\/37128\/Sleeve-Gastrectomy-for-Youth-With-Cognitive"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,1]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2018-2908","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-4005","1098-4275"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-4005","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-4275","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,1]]},"article-number":"e20182908"}}