{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T18:04:05Z","timestamp":1790964245592,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Most pediatric clinicians aspire to promote the physical, emotional, and developmental well-being of children, hoping to bestow a long and healthy life. Yet, some infants, children, and adolescents confront life-threatening illnesses and life-shortening conditions. Over the past 70 years, the clinician\u2019s response to the suffering of these children has evolved from veritable neglect to the development of pediatric palliative care as a subspecialty devoted to their care. In this article, we review the history of how clinicians have understood and responded to the suffering of children with serious illnesses, highlighting how an initially narrow focus on anxiety eventually transformed into a holistic, multidimensional awareness of suffering. Through this transition, and influenced by the adult hospice movement, pediatric palliative care emerged as a new discipline. Becoming a discipline, however, has not been a panacea. We conclude by highlighting challenges remaining for the next generation of pediatric palliative care professionals to address.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2019-1741","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,5]],"date-time":"2019-12-05T13:24:28Z","timestamp":1575552268000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["Response to Suffering of the Seriously Ill Child: A History of Palliative Care for Children"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"145","author":[{"given":"Bryan A.","family":"Sisk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Feudtner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Ethics, Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myra","family":"Bluebond-Langner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Louis Dundas Centre for Children\u2019s Palliative Care, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom;"},{"name":"Department of Anthropology, Sociology and Criminal Justice, Rutgers University, Camden, New Jersey;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Sourkes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pamela S.","family":"Hinds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing Research and Quality Outcomes, Children\u2019s National Health System, Washington, DC;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanne","family":"Wolfe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychosocial Oncology and Palliative Care, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; and"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"2021120913121444900_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198203183061104","article-title":"The nature of suffering and the goals of medicine","volume":"306","author":"Cassel","year":"1982","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2021120913121444900_B2","volume-title":"Diseases of Children: A Clinical Treatise Based on Lectures Delivered at the Hospital for Sick Children, London","author":"Hillier","year":"1868"},{"key":"2021120913121444900_B3","volume-title":"When Children Die: Improving Palliative and End-of-Life Care for Children and Their Families","author":"Field","year":"2003"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021120913121444900_B4","first-page":"492","article-title":"Care of the dying child","volume":"40","author":"Green","year":"1967","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021120913121444900_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.281.1.61","article-title":"Trends in infectious disease mortality in the United States during the 20th century","volume":"281","author":"Armstrong","year":"1999","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021120913121444900_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(70)80320-1","article-title":"Care of the child with a fatal illness","volume":"76","author":"Olmsted","year":"1970","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"2021120913121444900_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780195156164.001.0001","volume-title":"The Nature of Suffering and the Goals of Medicine","author":"Cassel","year":"2004","edition":"2nd ed"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021120913121444900_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(1955)8:1<20::AID-CNCR2820080103>3.0.CO;2-V","article-title":"Psychological impact of cancer and its treatment. 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