{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T02:20:06Z","timestamp":1789611606425,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>OBJECTIVES:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To determine if maternal intrapartum group B Streptococcus (GBS) antibiotic prophylaxis is associated with increased risk of childhood asthma, eczema, food allergy, or allergic rhinitis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Retrospective cohort study of 14\u2009046 children. GBS prophylaxis was defined as administration of intravenous penicillin, ampicillin, cefazolin, clindamycin, or vancomycin to the mother, \u22654 hours before delivery. Composite primary outcome was asthma, eczema, or food allergy diagnosis within 5 years of age, identified by diagnosis codes and appropriate medication prescription. Allergic rhinitis was defined by using diagnostic codes only and analyzed as a separate outcome. Analysis was a priori stratified by delivery mode and conducted by using Cox proportional hazards model adjusted for multiple confounders and covariates. Secondary analyses, restricted to children retained in cohort at 5 years\u2019 age, were conducted by using multivariate logistic regression.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>GBS prophylaxis was not associated with increased incidence of composite outcome among infants delivered vaginally (hazard ratio: 1.13, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.95\u20131.33) or by cesarean delivery (hazard ratio: 1.08, 95% CI: 0.88\u20131.32). At 5 years of age, among 10\u2009404 children retained in the study, GBS prophylaxis was not associated with the composite outcome in vaginal (odds ratio: 1.21, 95% CI: 0.96\u20131.52) or cesarean delivery (odds ratio: 1.17, 95% CI: 0.88\u20131.56) cohorts. Outcomes of asthma, eczema, food allergy, separately, and allergic rhinitis were also not associated with GBS prophylaxis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Intrapartum GBS prophylaxis was not associated with subsequent diagnosis of asthma, eczema, food allergy, or allergic rhinitis in the first 5 years of age.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2020-012187","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,8]],"date-time":"2021-04-08T08:26:10Z","timestamp":1617870370000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Intrapartum Group B Streptococcal Prophylaxis and Childhood Allergic Disorders"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"147","author":[{"given":"Miren B.","family":"Dhudasia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Divisions of Neonatology,"},{"name":"Center for Pediatric Clinical Effectiveness, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan M.","family":"Spergel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pennsylvania;"},{"name":"Allergy-Immunology, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen M.","family":"Puopolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divisions of Neonatology,"},{"name":"Center for Pediatric Clinical Effectiveness, and"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pennsylvania;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corinna","family":"Koebnick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, California; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Bryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Statistician"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert W.","family":"Grundmeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pennsylvania;"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey S.","family":"Gerber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Pediatric Clinical Effectiveness, and"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pennsylvania;"},{"name":"Infectious Diseases,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott A.","family":"Lorch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divisions of Neonatology,"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pennsylvania;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William O.","family":"Quarshie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theoklis","family":"Zaoutis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Pediatric Clinical Effectiveness, and"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pennsylvania;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sagori","family":"Mukhopadhyay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divisions of Neonatology,"},{"name":"Center for Pediatric 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