{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T12:42:10Z","timestamp":1777898530628,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]},"abstract":"\n OBJECTIVES:<\/jats:title>\n Evaluate if the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic influences parents\u2019 intentions to have their children receive the 2020\u20132021 seasonal influenza vaccination.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n In May 2020, we recruited 2164 US parents and guardians of children ages 6 months to 5 years to complete a brief online survey that examined parental behavior and decision-making in response to experimental stimuli and real-world events. We estimated a multivariate multinomial logistic regression (controlling for key demographics) to assess the relationship between a child\u2019s 2019\u20132020 influenza vaccination status and the COVID-19 pandemic\u2019s influence on a parent\u2019s intentions for their child\u2019s 2020\u20132021 influenza vaccination.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n Changes in vaccination intentions significantly differed between parents whose children received the 2019\u20132020 influenza vaccine compared with those whose children did not (P &lt; .001). Specifically, among parents whose children did not receive the 2019\u20132020 vaccine, 34% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 30%\u201337%) reported that the COVID-19 pandemic made them less likely to have their child receive the 2020\u20132021 vaccine. Among those whose children did receive the 2019\u20132020 vaccine, this figure was just 24% (95% CI: 22%\u201327%). Conversely, only 21% (95% CI: 18%\u201324%) of parents whose children did not receive the 2019\u20132020 vaccine reported that the COVID-19 pandemic made them more likely to have their child receive the 2020\u20132021 vaccine, compared with 39% (95% CI: 36%\u201341%) of parents whose children did receive the 2019\u20132020 vaccine.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n The COVID-19 pandemic alone does not appear sufficient to encourage the uptake of pediatric seasonal influenza vaccination. Instead, the COVID-19 pandemic may exacerbate polarity in vaccination uptake.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2020-022871","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]],"date-time":"2020-09-30T12:30:39Z","timestamp":1601469039000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["COVID-19 and Parent Intention to Vaccinate Their Children Against Influenza"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"146","author":[{"given":"Rebeccah L.","family":"Sokol","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Social Work, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna H.","family":"Grummon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Population and Development Studies, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts; and"},{"name":"Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2021120907062873600_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.10802","article-title":"The dual epidemics of COVID-19 and influenza: vaccine acceptance, coverage, and mandates","volume":"324","author":"Gostin","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2021120907062873600_B2","article-title":"Flu vaccination coverage, United States, 2018\u201319 influenza season","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2019"},{"issue":"49","key":"2021120907062873600_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.08.008","article-title":"A systematic review of the evidence on the effectiveness and risks of inactivated influenza vaccines in different target groups","volume":"29","author":"Michiels","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021120907062873600_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2012.02.015","article-title":"The vaccination coverage required to establish herd immunity against influenza viruses","volume":"55","author":"Plans-Rubi\u00f3","year":"2012","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"2021120907062873600_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1093\/abm\/kaaa049","article-title":"Social distancing as a health behavior: county-level movement in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic is associated with conventional health behaviors","volume":"54","author":"Bourassa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Behav Med"},{"key":"2021120907062873600_B6","first-page":"1","article-title":"Functional fear predicts public health compliance in the COVID-19 pandemic","author":"Harper","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Ment Health Addict"},{"key":"2021120907062873600_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113085","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2020.113085","article-title":"The mediating role of constructs representing reasoned-action and automatic processes on the past behavior-future behavior relationship","volume":"258","author":"Brown","year":"2020","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021120907062873600_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.124.1.54","article-title":"Habit and intention in everyday life: the multiple processes by which past behavior predicts future behavior","volume":"124","author":"Ouellette","year":"1998","journal-title":"Psychol Bull"},{"issue":"15","key":"2021120907062873600_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1559-1816.1998.tb01681.x","article-title":"Predicting behavior from actions in the past: repeated decision making or a matter of habit?","volume":"28","author":"Aarts","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Appl Soc Psychol"},{"key":"2021120907062873600_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.03.015","article-title":"Degree of reasoned action predicts increased intentional control and reduced habitual control over health behaviors","volume":"228","author":"Sheeran","year":"2019","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021120907062873600_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1007\/s11121-007-0070-9","article-title":"How many imputations are really needed? 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