{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T03:22:01Z","timestamp":1782271321757,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Concussion is a common injury in childhood and has the potential for substantial impact on quality of life. Visual issues have been increasingly recognized as a common problem after concussion. Many children initially seek care for concussion with their pediatrician, making it even more important for pediatricians to recognize, evaluate, and refer children with visual issues after concussion. This clinical report is intended to support the recommendations in the companion policy statement on vision and concussion and provides definitions of some of the physiologic aspects of the visual system as they relate to concussion. A description of clinically feasible testing methodologies is provided in more detail to aid the clinician in assessing the visual system in a focused fashion after concussion. This guidance helps direct clinical management, including support for return to school, sports, and other activities, as well as potential referral for subspecialty care for the subset of those with persistent symptoms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2021-056048","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,18]],"date-time":"2022-07-18T03:08:33Z","timestamp":1658113713000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Evaluation of the Visual System by the Primary Care Provider Following Concussion"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"150","author":[{"given":"Christina L.","family":"Master","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"aDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"},{"name":"bMinds Matter Concussion Program, Pediatric and Adolescent Sports Medicine, Division of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Karabots Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darron","family":"Bacal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"cDepartment of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Yale University, Eye Physicians & Surgeons, PC, New Haven, Connecticut"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew F.","family":"Grady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"},{"name":"dPediatric and Adolescent Sports Medicine, Division of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Hertle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"eDepartment of Surgery, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical College, Rootstown, Ohio"},{"name":"fDepartment of Specialty Medicine, Ohio University College of Osteopathic Medicine; Athens, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ankoor S.","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"gDepartment of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"hDepartment of Ophthalmology, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"iDepartment of Opthalmology, Massachusetts Eye & Ear, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitchell","family":"Strominger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"jDepartments of Surgery"},{"name":"kOphthalmology"},{"name":"lPediatrics"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Whitecross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"hDepartment of Ophthalmology, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"mClinical Internal Medicine, University of Nevada Reno School of Medicine, Renown Medical Center, Reno, Nevada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geoffrey E.","family":"Bradford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"nDepartments of Ophthalmology"},{"name":"oPediatrics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flora","family":"Lum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"pQuality and Data Science Division, American Academy of Ophthalmology, San Francisco, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sean P.","family":"Donahue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"qDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Monroe Carell Jr. Children\u2019s Hospital at Vanderbilt, Nashville, Tennessee"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"AAP Section on Ophthalmology; AMERICAN ACADEMY OF OPHTHALMOLOGY; AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR PEDIATRIC OPHTHALMOLOGY AND STRABISMUS; and AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF CERTIFIED ORTHOPTISTS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2023110816271887300_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20153597","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-3597","article-title":"Clinical report: procedures for the evaluation of the visual system by pediatricians","volume":"137","author":"Donahue","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023110816271887300_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20153596","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-3596","article-title":"Policy statement: visual system assessment in infants, children, and young adults by pediatricians","volume":"137","author":"American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Practice and Ambulatory Medicine, Section on Ophthalmology. American Association of Certified Orthoptists; American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus; American Academy of Ophthalmology","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"5","key":"2023110816271887300_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1542\/pir.2016-0191","article-title":"Pediatric vision screening","volume":"39","author":"Loh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatr Rev"},{"key":"2023110816271887300_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2015.12.010","article-title":"Ocular motor assessment in concussion: current status and future directions","volume":"361","author":"Ventura","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"2023110816271887300_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1563567","article-title":"The concussion toolbox: the role of vision in the assessment of concussion","volume":"35","author":"Ventura","year":"2015","journal-title":"Semin Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023110816271887300_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ITC1","DOI":"10.7326\/AITC201807030","article-title":"Concussion","volume":"169","author":"Master","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2023110816271887300_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e49","DOI":"10.1097\/WNO.0000000000000980","article-title":"Dizziness and vertigo: the skillful examination","volume":"40","author":"Shemesh","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Neuroophthalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023110816271887300_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2021056047","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2021-056047","article-title":"Policy statement: vision and concussions: symptoms, signs, evaluation, and treatment","volume":"150","author":"Master","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pediatrics"}],"container-title":["Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1542\/peds.2021-056048\/1560789\/peds_2021056048.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1542\/peds.2021-056048\/1560789\/peds_2021056048.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,8]],"date-time":"2023-11-08T16:27:58Z","timestamp":1699460878000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article\/150\/2\/e2021056048\/188534\/Evaluation-of-the-Visual-System-by-the-Primary"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,18]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,18]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2021-056048","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-4005","1098-4275"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-4005","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-4275","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,18]]},"article-number":"e2021056048"}}