{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T14:24:18Z","timestamp":1790778258883,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>OBJECTIVES<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The objectives were to describe mortality and causes of death in children with intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and to study neurodevelopmental outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The study was a secondary analysis of the French national prospective and population-based cohort EPIPAGE-2. Children were recruited in 2011. A standardized assessment was conducted at age 5. Children born before 32 weeks\u2019 gestation and admitted to a NICU were eligible. Exposure was IVH defined by the Papile classification. Main outcomes were mortality, causes of death, and neurodevelopmental outcomes at age 5.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Among the 3468 children included, 578 (16.7%) had grade 1 IVH, 424 (12.2%) grade 2 IVH, and 114 (3.3%) grade 3 IVH; 144 (4.1%) had intraparenchymal hemorrhage (IPH). Mortality was 29.7% (36 of 114) for children with grade 3 IVH and 74.4% (109 of 144) for those with IPH; 67.6% (21 of 31) and 88.7% (86 of 97) of deaths, respectively, were because of withholding and withdrawing of life-sustaining treatment. As compared with no IVH, low-grade IVH was not associated with measured neurodevelopmental disabilities at age 5. High-grade IVH was associated with moderate and severe neurodevelopmental disabilities, reduced full-scale IQ, and cerebral palsy.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Rates of neurodevelopmental disabilities at age 5 did not differ between children without IVH and those with low-grade IVH. For high-grade IVH, mortality rate was high, mostly because of withholding and withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment, and we found a strong association with overall neurodevelopmental disabilities in survivors.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2022-059138","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,15]],"date-time":"2023-03-15T08:05:47Z","timestamp":1678867547000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Very Preterm Children: Mortality and Neurodevelopment at Age 5"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"151","author":[{"given":"Ludovic","family":"Tr\u00e9luyer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"aCRESS, Obstetrical Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team, EPOP\u00e9, INSERM, INRAE, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, Paris, France"},{"name":"bDepartment of Neonatal Medicine of Port Royal, Cochin Hospital, FHU PREMA, AP-HP Centre \u2013 Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Chevallier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"cNICU, Grenoble Alps University Hospital Centre Couples and Children Section, Grenoble, France"},{"name":"dTIMC-IMAG Research Department, Grenoble Alps University, Grenoble, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre-Henri","family":"Jarreau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aCRESS, Obstetrical Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team, EPOP\u00e9, INSERM, INRAE, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, Paris, France"},{"name":"bDepartment of Neonatal Medicine of Port Royal, Cochin Hospital, FHU PREMA, AP-HP Centre \u2013 Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Baud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"eDivision of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Children\u2019s University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland"},{"name":"fUniversit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, Inserm U1141, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Val\u00e9rie","family":"Benhammou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aCRESS, Obstetrical Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team, EPOP\u00e9, INSERM, INRAE, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Gire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"gDepartment of Neonatology, North Hospital, University Hospital of Marseille,Chemin des Bourrelys, CEDEX 20, Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laetitia","family":"Marchand-Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aCRESS, Obstetrical Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team, EPOP\u00e9, INSERM, INRAE, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, Paris, 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