{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T16:35:51Z","timestamp":1791995751003,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]]},"abstract":"\n CONTEXT<\/jats:title>\n The optimal duration of antibiotic treatment of children with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n OBJECTIVES<\/jats:title>\n This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of shorter versus longer duration of antibiotic treatment of children with CAP.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n DATA SOURCES<\/jats:title>\n We searched Medline, Embase, CENTRAL, and CINAHL.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n STUDY SELECTION<\/jats:title>\n Randomized clinical trials comparing shorter (\u22645 days) with longer duration antibiotic treatments in children with CAP.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n DATA EXTRACTION<\/jats:title>\n Paired reviewers independently extracted data and we performed random-effects meta-analyses to summarize the evidence.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n Sixteen trials with 12\u2009774 patients, treated as outpatients with oral antibiotics, proved eligible. There are probably no substantial differences between shorter-duration and longer-duration antibiotics in clinical cure (odds ratio 1.01, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.87 to 1.17; risk difference [RD] 0.1%; moderate certainty), treatment failure (relative risk [RR] 1.06, 95% CI 0.93 to 1.21; RD 0.3%; moderate certainty), and relapse (RR 1.12, 95% CI 0.92 to 1.35; RD 0.5%; moderate certainty). Compared with longer-duration antibiotics, shorter-duration antibiotics do not appreciably increase mortality (RD 0.0%, 95% CI \u22120.2 to 0.1; high certainty), and probably have little or no impact on the need for change in antibiotics (RR 1.03, 95% CI 0.72 to 1.47; RD 0.2%; moderate certainty), need for hospitalization (RD \u22120.2%, 95% CI \u22120.9 to 0.5; moderate certainty), and severe adverse events (RD 0.0%, 95% CI \u22120.2 to 0.2; moderate certainty).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n LIMITATIONS<\/jats:title>\n For some outcomes, evidence was lacking.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n Duration of antibiotic therapy likely makes no important difference in patient-important outcomes. Healthcare workers should prioritize the use of shorter-duration antibiotics for children with CAP treated as outpatients with oral antibiotics.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2022-060097","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,25]],"date-time":"2023-05-25T08:11:27Z","timestamp":1685002287000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Shorter Versus Longer-term Antibiotic Treatments for Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children: A Meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"151","author":[{"given":"Ya","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"aEvidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China"},{"name":"bDepartments of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aEvidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China"},{"name":"bDepartments of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelu","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"cDepartment of Public Health and Primary Care, Academic Centre for Nursing and Midwifery, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunli","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"bDepartments of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact"},{"name":"dNational Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinhui","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aEvidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China"},{"name":"eKey Laboratory of Evidence-based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu 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