{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T01:44:26Z","timestamp":1790214266427,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>OBJECTIVES<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study investigated IQ scores in pediatric concussion (ie, mild traumatic brain injury) versus orthopedic injury.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Children (N = 866; aged 8\u201316.99 years) were recruited for 2 prospective cohort studies from emergency departments at children\u2019s hospitals (2 sites in the United States and 5 in Canada) \u226448 hours after sustaining a concussion or orthopedic injury. They completed IQ and performance validity testing postacutely (3\u201318 days postinjury; United States) or 3 months postinjury (Canada). Group differences in IQ scores were examined using 3 complementary statistical approaches (linear modeling, Bayesian, and multigroup factor analysis) in children performing above cutoffs on validity testing.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Linear models showed small group differences in full-scale IQ (d [95% confidence interval] = 0.13 [0.00\u20130.26]) and matrix reasoning (0.16 [0.03\u20130.30]), but not in vocabulary scores. IQ scores were not related to previous concussion, acute clinical features, injury mechanism, a validated clinical risk score, pre- or postinjury symptom ratings, litigation, or symptomatic status at 1 month postinjury. Bayesian models provided moderate to very strong evidence against group differences in IQ scores (Bayes factor 0.02\u20130.23). Multigroup factor analysis further demonstrated strict measurement invariance, indicating group equivalence in factor structure of the IQ test and latent variable means.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Across multisite, prospective study cohorts, 3 complementary statistical models provided no evidence of clinically meaningful differences in IQ scores after pediatric concussion. Instead, overall results provided strong evidence against reduced intelligence in the first few weeks to months after pediatric concussion.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2022-060515","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,17]],"date-time":"2023-07-17T08:08:49Z","timestamp":1689581329000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["IQ After Pediatric Concussion"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"152","author":[{"given":"Ashley L.","family":"Ware","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"aDepartment of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia"},{"name":"bDepartment of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah"},{"name":"cDepartment of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"dHotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children\u2019s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew J. 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