{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T20:09:00Z","timestamp":1791230940798,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>OBJECTIVES<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Enterobacterales bloodstream infections (E-BSI) cause a significant burden of disease in children and are associated with antimicrobial resistance. We assessed temporal changes in the population-based incidence of E-BSI in children in Queensland, Australia.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We conducted a cohort study of incidents of E-BSI occurring in children in Queensland between 2000 and 2019, with a total population of 19.7 million child years. Infections were linked to clinical outcomes in hospital admissions and vital statistics databases. We estimated age- and sex-standardized E-BSI incidence rates over time. Secondary outcomes included the proportion of extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase phenotypes per year, hospital length of stay, and mortality.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We identified 1980 E-BSI in 1795 children. The overall age- and sex-standardized incidence rate was 9.9 cases per 100\u2009000 child years, which increased from 7.3 to 12.9 over the period studied, an increase of 3.9% (95% confidence interval: 3.1\u20134.7) per year. There were 3.6 cases of E. coli bloodstream infection per 100\u2009000 child years, increasing annually by 4.7% (3.5\u20135.9). The Salmonella sp. bloodstream infection incidence was 3.0 cases per 100\u2009000 child years, which increased from 2013 by 13.7% (3.8\u201324.3) per year. The proportion of extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase E. coli increased over time. Mortality and length of stay were higher among children with comorbidities than those without (4.0% vs 0.3%, and 14 vs 4 days, respectively, P &amp;lt; .001).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The age- and sex-standardized incidence of E-BSI almost doubled in Queensland children over 2 decades, driven by increases in Salmonella sp. and E. coli. Increasing resistance of E. coli should prompt the inclusion of children in antimicrobial clinical trials.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2023-063532","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,27]],"date-time":"2024-09-27T08:05:46Z","timestamp":1727424346000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Trends in Enterobacterales Bloodstream Infections in Children"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"154","author":[{"given":"Anna A. 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