{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T17:08:07Z","timestamp":1784221687697,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective of this study was to evaluate required culture-based overseas tuberculosis (TB) screening in US-bound international adoptees.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 22\u2009053 international adoptees who underwent TB screening overseas and arrived in the United States during 2016 to 2023.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 22\u2009053 international adoptees (aged younger than 18\u00a0years) screened for TB overseas, 12 (54 cases\/100\u2009000 persons) were diagnosed with TB disease, and 169 (766 cases\/100\u2009000 persons) had suspected TB disease (defined for this analysis as a chest radiograph or clinical signs\/symptoms suggestive of TB or known HIV infection but negative sputum culture results overseas). Of 15\u2009386 persons who underwent a tuberculin skin test (TST) or interferon-\u03b3 release assay (IGRA) overseas, 390 (2.5%) were diagnosed with latent TB infection (LTBI). Among 12 persons who initiated treatment of TB disease overseas, 10 (83.3%) completed post-arrival evaluation in the United States; of these, none were diagnosed with TB disease after arrival. Among 169 persons diagnosed overseas with suspected TB disease, 108 (63.9%) completed post-arrival evaluation; of these, 2 (1.9%) were diagnosed with TB disease. Among 390 persons diagnosed overseas with LTBI, 220 (56.4%) completed post-arrival evaluation; of these, none were diagnosed with TB disease. Of 150 persons diagnosed with LTBI at post-arrival evaluation, 137 (91.3%) were recommended for treatment; of these, 104 (75.9%) initiated and 79 (57.7%) completed treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>US-bound international adoptees have a similarly high prevalence of TB disease compared with US-bound immigrant and refugee children, highlighting the importance of TB screening before immigration and ensuring timely recommended post-arrival evaluation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2025-073442","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T00:02:42Z","timestamp":1772582562000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Tuberculosis Disease and Infection in US-Bound International Adoptees: 2016 to 2023"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"157","author":[{"given":"Yecai","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Global Migration Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina R.","family":"Phares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Global Migration Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pamela","family":"Logan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Global Migration Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle S.","family":"Weinberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Global Migration Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sean","family":"Toney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Global Migration Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Drew L.","family":"Posey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Global Migration Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Soda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Global Migration Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026071612571194000_r1","author":"US Department of State. 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