{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:15:51Z","timestamp":1788221751185,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":99,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONTEXT<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Use of virtual health interventions has increased rapidly, with growing evidence evaluating virtual breastfeeding support. However, the effectiveness of different types of virtual breastfeeding interventions remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine the effects of various types of virtual breastfeeding interventions on breastfeeding duration and exclusivity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DATA SOURCE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We systematically searched PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, and clinical trial registries (ClinicalTrials.gov and WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform) up to January 2025.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>STUDY SELECTION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Randomized controlled trials evaluating synchronous virtual breastfeeding interventions delivered by health care providers were included.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DATA EXTRACTION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data on study design, place of origin, participant characteristics, sample size, outcomes of interest, and study outcomes were extracted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 58 studies were included, and 62 interventions were examined. Among them, 32 (51.6%) interventions effectively prolonged breastfeeding duration. Although virtual breastfeeding interventions were effective in extending any and exclusive breastfeeding durations, the interventions that combined in-person and virtual breastfeeding interventions showed more substantial effects in enhancing breastfeeding duration and exclusivity. Several types of interventions improved breastfeeding outcomes, including proactive and reactive telephone support, videoconferencing, and multiple forms of virtual support.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>LIMITATIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Generalizability is limited as the majority of the reviewed studies were conducted in high-income countries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Virtual breastfeeding interventions effectively prolong any breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding. As digital health technologies continue to evolve, it is important to understand parents\u2019 need for virtual breastfeeding support and enhance the integration of virtual support provision in clinical settings to meet the diverse needs of parents.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2025-073889","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T00:03:23Z","timestamp":1785974603000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Virtual Health Interventions to Improve Breastfeeding: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"158","author":[{"given":"Heidi Sze Lok","family":"Fan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1College of Nursing, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada"},{"name":"2Children\u2019s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel Yee Tak","family":"Fong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Wittenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4School of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Social Development, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kalysse","family":"Mantai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4School of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Social Development, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rishma","family":"Chooniedass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4School of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Social Development, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Hubick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4School of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Social Development, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jasraj","family":"Grewal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4School of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Social Development, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Tarrant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4School of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Social Development, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9377","key":"2026083119581210400_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)13811-1","article-title":"How many child deaths can we prevent this year?","volume":"362","author":"Jones","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026083119581210400_r2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e200421","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2020.0421","article-title":"Association between breastfeeding and ovarian cancer risk","volume":"6","author":"Babic","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026083119581210400_r3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1177\/0890334416683676","article-title":"Breastfeeding mode and risk of breast cancer: a dose\u2013response meta-analysis","volume":"33","author":"Unar-Mungu\u00eda","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Hum Lact."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026083119581210400_r4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2014.0116","article-title":"Breastfeeding and maternal hypertension and diabetes: a population-based cross-sectional study","volume":"10","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Breastfeed Med."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026083119581210400_r5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2017.0083","article-title":"An online calculator to estimate the impact of changes in breastfeeding rates on population health and costs","volume":"12","author":"Stuebe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Breastfeed Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026083119581210400_r6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-11-254","article-title":"Can breastfeeding promote child health equity? A comprehensive analysis of breastfeeding patterns across the developing world and what we can learn from them","volume":"11","author":"Roberts","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026083119581210400_r7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e179","DOI":"10.17269\/cjph.105.4244","article-title":"Factors influencing the reasons why mothers stop breastfeeding","volume":"105","author":"Brown","year":"2014","journal-title":"Can J Public Health."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026083119581210400_r8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1097\/NMC.0000000000000566","article-title":"Mothers\u2019 reasons for early breastfeeding cessation","volume":"44","author":"Morrison","year":"2019","journal-title":"MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026083119581210400_r9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1177\/0890334417706361","article-title":"Breastfeeding support: a geographic perspective on access and equity","volume":"33","author":"Grubesic","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Hum Lact."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026083119581210400_r10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.17269\/s41997-021-00513-8","article-title":"Supporting breastfeeding in rural Newfoundland and Labrador communities during COVID-19","volume":"112","author":"St Croix","year":"2021","journal-title":"Can J Public Health."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026083119581210400_r11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/s13006-024-00630-3","article-title":"Healthcare providers\u2019 perceived barriers to providing breastfeeding support in Northwest rural China","volume":"19","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int Breastfeed J."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026083119581210400_r12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1097\/NMC.0000000000000212","article-title":"Breastfeeding barriers and support in a rural setting","volume":"41","author":"Goodman","year":"2016","journal-title":"MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026083119581210400_r13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-007-0248-6","article-title":"Understanding breastfeeding initiation and continuation in rural communities: a combined qualitative\/quantitative approach","volume":"12","author":"Flower","year":"2008","journal-title":"Matern Child Health J."},{"key":"2026083119581210400_r14","article-title":"Breastfeeding clinic","author":"BC Women\u2019s Hospital"},{"key":"2026083119581210400_r15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.07.126","article-title":"Elevated depression and anxiety symptoms among pregnant individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"277","author":"Lebel","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Affect Disord."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026083119581210400_r16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102940","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2025.102940","article-title":"Prevalence of maternal depressive symptoms in Canada during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"47","author":"Fan","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Can."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026083119581210400_r17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1186\/s13006-022-00478-5","article-title":"A review of the disruption of breastfeeding supports in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in five Western countries and applications for clinical practice","volume":"17","author":"Turner","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int Breastfeed J."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026083119581210400_r18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1177\/1357633X17730444","article-title":"Virtual care policy recommendations for patient-centred primary care: findings of a consensus policy dialogue using a nominal group technique","volume":"24","author":"Shaw","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Telemed Telecare."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026083119581210400_r19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pop.2022.04.002","article-title":"The state of telehealth before and after the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"49","author":"Shaver","year":"2022","journal-title":"Prim Care."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026083119581210400_r20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2019.0073","article-title":"Telehealth and breastfeeding: an integrative review","volume":"26","author":"Ferraz Dos Santos","year":"2020","journal-title":"Telemed J e-Health."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026083119581210400_r21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12202","article-title":"Efficacy of e-technologies in improving breastfeeding outcomes among perinatal women: a meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Lau","year":"2016","journal-title":"Matern Child Nutr."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026083119581210400_r22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1177\/08903344221099914","article-title":"The effectiveness of virtual lactation support: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"38","author":"Blackmore","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Hum Lact."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026083119581210400_r23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12806","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12806","article-title":"Online participatory intervention to promote and support exclusive breastfeeding: randomized clinical trial","volume":"15","author":"Cavalcanti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Matern Child Nutr."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026083119581210400_r24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12488","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12488","article-title":"Feasibility and acceptability of a text message intervention used as an adjunct tool by WIC breastfeeding peer counsellors: the LATCH pilot","volume":"14","author":"Harari","year":"2018","journal-title":"Matern Child Nutr."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026083119581210400_r25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acap.2019.10.008","article-title":"Feasibility and effectiveness of telelactation among rural breastfeeding women","volume":"20","author":"Uscher-Pines","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acad Pediatr."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026083119581210400_r26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2020.0240","article-title":"Effect of a novel smartphone application on breastfeeding rates among low-income, first-time mothers intending to exclusively breastfeed: secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial","volume":"16","author":"Lewkowitz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Breastfeed Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026083119581210400_r27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12249","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12249","article-title":"Breastfeeding booklet and proactive phone calls for increasing exclusive breastfeeding rates: RCT protocol","volume":"13","author":"Zakarija-Grkovi\u0107","year":"2017","journal-title":"Matern Child Nutr."},{"key":"2026083119581210400_r28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"n71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ."},{"key":"2026083119581210400_r29","volume-title":"Indicators for assessing breast-feeding practices: report of an informal meeting","author":"World Health Organization","year":"1991"},{"key":"2026083119581210400_r30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"l4898","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4898","article-title":"RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials","volume":"366","author":"Sterne","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026083119581210400_r31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.14274","article-title":"Effectiveness of a brief motivational intervention to increase the breastfeeding duration in the first 6 months postpartum: randomized controlled trial","volume":"76","author":"Franco-Antonio","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Adv Nurs."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026083119581210400_r32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12948","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12948","article-title":"The effect of a combined intervention on exclusive breastfeeding in primiparas: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"16","author":"Puhari\u0107","year":"2020","journal-title":"Matern Child Nutr."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026083119581210400_r33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2020.0215","article-title":"Effects of telephone and short message service support on infant feeding practices, \u201ctummy time,\u201d and screen time at 6 and 12 months of child age: a 3-group randomized clinical trial","volume":"174","author":"Wen","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026083119581210400_r34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-021-03976-2","article-title":"A prenatal group based phone counseling intervention to improve breastfeeding rates and complementary feeding: a randomized, controlled pilot and feasibility trial","volume":"21","author":"Cauble","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026083119581210400_r35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3078","DOI":"10.21037\/apm-21-165","article-title":"The effect of multi-dimensional postpartum visits on increasing the breastfeeding rate of parturients with inverted nipple: a randomised study","volume":"10","author":"Fang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Palliat Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026083119581210400_r36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/tropej\/fmaa076","article-title":"Effectiveness of mobile phone-based support on exclusive breastfeeding and infant growth in Nigeria: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"67","author":"Ogaji","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Trop Pediatr."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026083119581210400_r37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000004961","article-title":"Text message-based breastfeeding support compared with usual care: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"140","author":"Bender","year":"2022","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026083119581210400_r38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-022-04976-6","article-title":"Mother\u2019s Milk MessagingTM: trial evaluation of app and texting for breastfeeding support","volume":"22","author":"Bunik","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026083119581210400_r39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nurpra.2022.08.005","article-title":"Comparison of different virtual follow-ups on mother\u2019s lactation","volume":"18","author":"Chegeni","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Nurse Pract."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026083119581210400_r40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acap.2022.01.016","article-title":"The impact of breastfeeding and safe sleep mobile health messaging on breastfeeding and bedsharing","volume":"22","author":"Kellams","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acad Pediatr."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026083119581210400_r41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100543","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100543","article-title":"Smartphone-based counseling and support platform and the effect on postpartum lactation: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"4","author":"Miremberg","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026083119581210400_r42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12509","DOI":"10.1111\/jjns.12509","article-title":"The effect of breastfeeding support provided by video call on postpartum anxiety, breastfeeding self-efficacy, and newborn outcomes: A randomized controlled study","volume":"20","author":"Aky\u0131ld\u0131z","year":"2023","journal-title":"Jpn J Nurs Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026083119581210400_r43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1177\/08903344221125118","article-title":"A comparison of audio-only and audio-visual tele-lactation consultation services: a mixed methods approach","volume":"39","author":"Bogulski","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Hum Lact."},{"key":"2026083119581210400_r44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.21037\/mhealth-22-31","article-title":"The Baby Bites Text Messaging Project with randomized controlled trial: texting to improve infant feeding practices","volume":"9","author":"Davis","year":"2023","journal-title":"mHealth."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026083119581210400_r45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1177\/08903344231192948","article-title":"Continuous lactation support provided through the WhatsApp messaging application: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"39","author":"Sevda","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Hum Lact."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026083119581210400_r46","first-page":"107","article-title":"Pilot study on a technology-supported breastfeeding program and its impact on the growth of infants of adolescent mothers","volume":"21","author":"\u00c7elik","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Education & Research in Nursing \/ Hem\u015firelikte E\u011fitim ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Dergisi."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026083119581210400_r47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1108","DOI":"10.1007\/s43032-023-01409-3","article-title":"Effect of lactation management model on breastfeeding process after cesarean: a prospective randomized controlled study","volume":"31","author":"Eker","year":"2024","journal-title":"Reprod Sci."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026083119581210400_r48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2448","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2024.06.006","article-title":"Effects of breastfeeding promotion intervention and dietary treatment in postpartum women with overweight and obesity: results from a randomized controlled trial on weight and cardiometabolic risk factors","volume":"154","author":"\u00d8hman","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Nutr."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026083119581210400_r49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2023.0219","article-title":"Prenatal counseling on the maternal health benefits of lactation: a randomized trial","volume":"19","author":"Schwarz","year":"2024","journal-title":"Breastfeed Med."},{"key":"2026083119581210400_r50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"N.PAG","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2023.103874","article-title":"Effects of a mobile application on breastfeeding maintenance in the first 6 months after birth: Randomised controlled trial (COMLACT study)","volume":"128","author":"Vila-Candel","year":"2024","journal-title":"Midwifery."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026083119581210400_r51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13654","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.13654","article-title":"Effects of responsive breastfeeding intervention on breastfeeding and infant growth in China: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"20","author":"Zhao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Matern Child Nutr."},{"key":"2026083119581210400_r52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102023","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infbeh.2024.102023","article-title":"The effect of telephone-assisted breastfeeding monitoring on physiological jaundice, exclusive breastfeeding in the first six months, development of colic, and breastfeeding self-efficacy: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"78","author":"Aykan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Infant Behav Dev."},{"key":"2026083119581210400_r53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.01.037","article-title":"Effect of the thinking healthy programme-based internet intervention model for maternal perinatal depression: a pilot study","volume":"374","author":"Dai","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Affect Disord."},{"key":"2026083119581210400_r54","article-title":"World Bank country and lending group","author":"The World Bank"},{"issue":"s300","key":"2026083119581210400_r55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1982.tb09633.x","article-title":"Factors affecting the continuance of breast feeding","volume":"71","author":"Bloom","year":"1982","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026083119581210400_r56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.80.6.845","article-title":"Commercial discharge packs and breast-feeding counseling: effects on infant-feeding practices in a randomized trial","volume":"80","author":"Frank","year":"1987","journal-title":"Pediatrics."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026083119581210400_r57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3182(12)81037-5","article-title":"Effectiveness of professional breastfeeding home-support","volume":"24","author":"Serafino-Cross","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Nutr Educ."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026083119581210400_r58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/S0897-1897(98)80318-2","article-title":"Nursing intervention to increase the duration of breastfeeding","volume":"11","author":"Pugh","year":"1998","journal-title":"Appl Nurs Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026083119581210400_r59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1177\/089033440001600406","article-title":"The effect of individualized professional support on duration of breastfeeding: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"16","author":"Porteous","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Hum Lact."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026083119581210400_r60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-0435","article-title":"Randomized, controlled trial of a prenatal and postnatal lactation consultant intervention on duration and intensity of breastfeeding up to 12 months","volume":"116","author":"Bonuck","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatrics."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026083119581210400_r61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2008.0126","article-title":"Effectiveness of exclusive breastfeeding promotion in low-income mothers: a randomized controlled study","volume":"4","author":"Petrova","year":"2009","journal-title":"Breastfeed Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026083119581210400_r62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acap.2009.09.014","article-title":"Are 2 weeks of daily breastfeeding support insufficient to overcome the influences of formula?","volume":"10","author":"Bunik","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acad Pediatr."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026083119581210400_r63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2008.03.001","article-title":"Effect of an extended midwifery postnatal support programme on the duration of breast feeding: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"26","author":"McDonald","year":"2010","journal-title":"Midwifery."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026083119581210400_r64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acap.2009.07.005","article-title":"A randomized controlled community-based trial to improve breastfeeding rates among urban low-income mothers","volume":"10","author":"Pugh","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acad Pediatr."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026083119581210400_r65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-2221","article-title":"A pregnancy and postpartum lifestyle intervention in women with gestational diabetes mellitus reduces diabetes risk factors: a feasibility randomized control trial","volume":"34","author":"Ferrara","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026083119581210400_r66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1552-6909.2010.01210.x","article-title":"A pilot randomized controlled trial of a breastfeeding self-efficacy intervention with primiparous mothers","volume":"40","author":"McQueen","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026083119581210400_r67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2010.0014","article-title":"Interventions to increase the duration of breastfeeding in obese mothers: the Bassett Improving Breastfeeding Study","volume":"6","author":"Rasmussen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Breastfeed Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026083119581210400_r68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1177\/0193945910380408","article-title":"A randomized controlled trial of breastfeeding support and education for adolescent mothers","volume":"33","author":"Wambach","year":"2011","journal-title":"West J Nurs Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026083119581210400_r69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e000652","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2011-000652","article-title":"The FEeding Support Team (FEST) randomised, controlled feasibility trial of proactive and reactive telephone support for breastfeeding women living in disadvantaged areas","volume":"2","author":"Hoddinott","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMJ Open."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026083119581210400_r70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-172X.2012.02040.x","article-title":"A structured telephonic counselling to promote the exclusive breastfeeding of healthy babies aged zero to six months: a pilot study","volume":"18","author":"Simonetti","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Pract."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026083119581210400_r71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1226","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.059600","article-title":"Telephone-based support prolongs breastfeeding duration in obese women: a randomized trial","volume":"98","author":"Carlsen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr."},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"2026083119581210400_r72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S119","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2013.301360","article-title":"Effect of primary care intervention on breastfeeding duration and intensity","volume":"104","author":"Bonuck","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Public Health."},{"issue":"13","key":"2026083119581210400_r73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1673","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.12884","article-title":"Professional breastfeeding support for first-time mothers: a multicentre cluster randomised controlled trial","volume":"121","author":"Fu","year":"2014","journal-title":"BJOG."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026083119581210400_r74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2013.08.004","article-title":"Efficacy of a videoconferencing intervention compared with standard postnatal care at primary care health centres in Catalonia","volume":"30","author":"Seguranyes","year":"2014","journal-title":"Midwifery."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026083119581210400_r75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1177\/0017896914542666","article-title":"The effect of lactation educators implementing a telephone-based intervention among low-income Hispanics: a randomised trial","volume":"74","author":"Efrat","year":"2015","journal-title":"Health Educ J."},{"key":"2026083119581210400_r76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2016.03.003","article-title":"The effect of a self-efficacy-based educational programme on maternal breast feeding self-efficacy, breast feeding duration and exclusive breast feeding rates: A longitudinal study","volume":"36","author":"Chan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Midwifery."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026083119581210400_r77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1","DOI":"10.1097\/NNR.0000000000000336","article-title":"Efficacy of a breastfeeding pain self-management intervention: a pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT)","volume":"68","author":"Lucas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nurs Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026083119581210400_r78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/133.1.205","article-title":"Lactation counseling increases breast-feeding duration but not breast milk intake as measured by isotopic methods","volume":"133","author":"Albernaz","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Nutr."},{"key":"2026083119581210400_r79","first-page":"510793","article-title":"The effect of interventional program on breastfeeding self-efficacy and duration of exclusive breastfeeding in pregnant women in Ahvaz, Iran","volume":"2014","author":"Ansari","year":"2014","journal-title":"ISRN Obstet Gynecol."},{"key":"2026083119581210400_r80","first-page":"e3148","article-title":"Telephone intervention in the promotion of self-efficacy, duration and exclusivity of breastfeeding: randomized controlled trial","volume":"27","author":"Chaves","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev Lat Am Enfermagem."},{"key":"2026083119581210400_r81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2016.09.010","article-title":"Effectiveness of a theory-based breastfeeding promotion intervention on exclusive breastfeeding in China: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"42","author":"Gu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Midwifery."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026083119581210400_r82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2015.12.008","article-title":"Effects of postpartum mobile phone-based education on maternal and infant health in Ecuador","volume":"134","author":"Maslowsky","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026083119581210400_r83","first-page":"258","article-title":"Effectiveness of breastfeeding skills training and support program among first time mothers: a randomized control trial","volume":"23","author":"Prasitwattanaseree","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pac Rim Int J Nurs Res Thail."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026083119581210400_r84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2012.09.006","article-title":"Does telephone lactation counselling improve breastfeeding practices? A randomised controlled trial","volume":"50","author":"Tahir","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Stud."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026083119581210400_r85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1867","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.12349","article-title":"The effects of a breastfeeding self-efficacy intervention on short-term breastfeeding outcomes among primiparous mothers in Wuhan, China","volume":"70","author":"Wu","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Adv Nurs."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026083119581210400_r86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2011.02.001","article-title":"The effect of a postnatal education and support program on breastfeeding among primiparous women: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"48","author":"Khresheh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Stud."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026083119581210400_r87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"N.PAG","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-018-1308-3","article-title":"Effectiveness of weekly cell phone counselling calls and daily text messages to improve breastfeeding indicators","volume":"18","author":"Patel","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Pediatrics."},{"issue":"12","key":"2026083119581210400_r88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1620","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.15337","article-title":"Short message service communication improves exclusive breastfeeding and early postpartum contraception in a low- to middle-income country setting: a randomised trial","volume":"125","author":"Unger","year":"2018","journal-title":"BJOG."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026083119581210400_r89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2266","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11102266","article-title":"Breastfeeding difficulties and risk for early breastfeeding cessation","volume":"11","author":"Gianni","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026083119581210400_r90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.2217\/17455057.3.4.487","article-title":"Traditional postpartum practices and rituals: a qualitative systematic review","volume":"3","author":"Dennis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Womens Health (Lond Engl)."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026083119581210400_r91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1177\/1757913918763285","article-title":"Cultural postpartum practices of \u2018doing the month\u2019 in China","volume":"138","author":"Ding","year":"2018","journal-title":"Perspect Public Health."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026083119581210400_r92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e388","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2023.01.002","article-title":"Breastfeeding in the pandemic: a qualitative analysis of breastfeeding experiences among mothers from Canada and the United Kingdom","volume":"36","author":"Turner","year":"2023","journal-title":"Women Birth."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026083119581210400_r93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nwh.2022.09.003","article-title":"Facilitators, barriers, and best practices for in-person and telehealth lactation support during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"26","author":"Johnson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nurs Womens Health."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026083119581210400_r94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2018.0113","article-title":"Telelactation via mobile app: perspectives of rural mothers, their care providers, and lactation consultants","volume":"25","author":"Demirci","year":"2019","journal-title":"Telemed J e-Health."},{"key":"2026083119581210400_r95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103675","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2020.103675","article-title":"Effectiveness of theory-based educational interventions on breastfeeding self-efficacy and exclusive breastfeeding: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"109","author":"Chipojola","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Stud."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026083119581210400_r96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101881","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2025.101881","article-title":"Impact of baby-friendly hospital initiatives on breastfeeding outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"38","author":"Fan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Women Birth."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026083119581210400_r97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2023.05.113","article-title":"Telehealth in the prenatal and postpartum periods","volume":"52","author":"Hawkins","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026083119581210400_r98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1177\/08903344211003898","article-title":"Breastfeeding during a pandemic: the influence of COVID-19 on lactation services in the Northeastern United States","volume":"37","author":"Schindler-Ruwisch","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Hum Lact."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026083119581210400_r99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-4358-6-5","article-title":"Complexities and subtleties in the measurement and reporting of breastfeeding practices","volume":"6","author":"Hector","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int Breastfeed J."}],"container-title":["Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1542\/peds.2025-073889\/1950104\/pediatrics.2025073889.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1542\/peds.2025-073889\/1950104\/pediatrics.2025073889.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T23:58:26Z","timestamp":1788220706000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article\/158\/3\/e2025073889\/208517\/Virtual-Health-Interventions-to-Improve"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]]},"references-count":99,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2025-073889","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-4005","1098-4275"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-4005","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-4275","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]]},"article-number":"e2025073889"}}