{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,16]],"date-time":"2025-11-16T21:25:34Z","timestamp":1763328334163,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective.\u2003To describe the long-term outcome of very low birth weight infants growing up in poor socioeconomic conditions in Soweto, South Africa.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Methods.\u2003A stratified sample of infants weighing &amp;lt;1500 g surviving to hospital discharge was enrolled. Group 1 consisted of 49 infants 1000 to 1499 g who required mechanical ventilation; group 2 consisted of 39 infants 1000 to 1499 g who did not require mechanical ventilation; and group 3 consisted of 25 infants &amp;lt;1000 g (such infants are not routinely ventilated). Growth and neurological status were recorded at follow-up visits at 3, 6, and 12 months' corrected age and the infants were evaluated further using the Bayley scales of infant development between 12 and 18 months.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Results.\u2003Fifteen infants died during the period between hospital discharge and 1 year corrected age, and 12 others were lost to follow-up. Although some catch-up growth was noted in the early months, all group means for weight and length were below the 25th percentile at 1 year. Cerebral palsy was diagnosed in nine infants (8 from group 1). Periventricular leukomalacia and\/or porencephaly was diagnosed in eight of the nine infants during their initial hospital stay and was also the strongest negative predictor of the Bayley scores. Higher maternal education and better intrauterine growth were associated with higher Bayley scores.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Conclusions.\u2003Mortality after hospital discharge in this study cohort was extremely high. However, despite marked differences in socioeconomic conditions and tertiary care facilities, the handicap rates were comparable with recent studies from developed countries, and some of the predictors of handicap, eg, periventricular leukomalacia and porencephaly, were also similar.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.99.4.537","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,13]],"date-time":"2004-08-13T23:40:17Z","timestamp":1092440417000},"page":"537-544","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Outcome of Very Low Birth Weight Infants at 12 to 18 Months of Age in Soweto, South Africa"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"99","author":[{"given":"Peter A.","family":"Cooper","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1 From the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel L.","family":"Sandler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 From the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1997,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021121012530773700_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.66.2.204","article-title":"Outcome among surviving very low birthweight infants: a meta analysis.","volume":"66","author":"Escobar","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"2021121012530773700_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.91.5.961","article-title":"Infants of less than 1250 grams birth weight at Groote Schuur Hospital: outcome at 1 and 2 years of age.","volume":"91","author":"Thompson","year":"1993","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2021121012530773700_B3","first-page":"23","article-title":"Prevalence of hyaline membrane disease in black and white low-birth-weight infants.","volume":"84","author":"Cooper","year":"1994","journal-title":"S Afr Med J"},{"key":"2021121012530773700_B4","first-page":"26","article-title":"Periventricular-intraventricular haemorrhage in low-birth-weight infants at Baragwanath Hospital.","volume":"84","author":"Sandler","year":"1994","journal-title":"S Afr Med J"},{"key":"2021121012530773700_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3016.1991.tb00702.x","article-title":"Birth to ten: child health in South Africa in the 1990s. 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