{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T05:25:23Z","timestamp":1775107523180,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]]},"abstract":"\n OBJECTIVES<\/jats:title>\n Daytime urinary incontinence is disabling and occurs in 17% of school-aged children. Timed-voiding is part of standard therapy. Can an alarm watch to aid timed-voiding improve treatment response to standard therapy?<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n METHODS<\/jats:title>\n The WATCH (Watch with Alarm for Timed-Voiding in Children) study is a randomized controlled trial. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to a vibrating alarm or nonalarming watch for 3-months. The primary outcome was the proportion who achieved a complete response (14 consecutive dry days) after 3-months of treatment. Children aged 5 to 13 years who were prescribed timed-voiding for daytime urinary incontinence.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n Overall, 243 children, with a mean age of 8 years, were enrolled, with 62% girls. At 3-months, the complete response rates were similar between the 2 groups (22% alarm versus 17% control; difference: 5%; 95% confidence interval (CI): \u22125% to 16%; P = .42). In the alarm group, treatment adherence was higher (40% vs 10%; difference: 30%; 95% CI: 20% to 40%; P &lt; .001), frequency of incontinence was lower (25% dry; 40% had 1\u20133 wet days per week, 24% had 4\u20136 wet days per week, and 12% had daily wetting, compared with 19%, 30%, 35%, and 16%, respectively; P =.05), and fewer had abnormal postvoid residual urine volumes (12% vs 24%; difference: \u221212%; 95% CI: \u221221% to \u22121%; P = .04) compared with the control group. Improvement was transient and did not persist 6 months beyond the treatment period.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n Alarm watches do not appear to lead to complete resolution of urinary incontinence in children but did promote treatment adherence, normalization of postvoid residual volumes, and reduction in incontinent episodes while being used.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2021-053863","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]],"date-time":"2021-12-15T08:08:46Z","timestamp":1639555726000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["An Alarm Watch for Daytime Urinary Incontinence: A Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"149","author":[{"given":"Patrina H.Y.","family":"Caldwell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Children\u2019s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia"},{"name":"Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia"}]},{"given":"Marianne","family":"Kerr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Children\u2019s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia"}]},{"given":"Sana","family":"Hamilton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Children\u2019s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia"}]},{"given":"Armando","family":"Teixeira-Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia"}]},{"given":"Jonathan C.","family":"Craig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"2022020200144150000_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2000.109196","article-title":"Daytime urinary incontinence in primary school children: a population-based survey","volume":"137","author":"Sureshkumar","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Pediatr."},{"issue":"5","key":"2022020200144150000_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2014.03.002","article-title":"Health-related quality of life and treatment effects on children with functional incontinence, and their parents","volume":"10","author":"Equit","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Pediatr Urol."},{"key":"2022020200144150000_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1159\/000052236","article-title":"Self-esteem in children with nocturnal enuresis and urinary incontinence: improvement of self-esteem after treatment","volume":"33","author":"H\u00e4ggl\u00f6f","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur Urol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2022020200144150000_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2011.04.104","article-title":"Factors influencing quality of life in children with urinary incontinence","volume":"186","author":"Deshpande","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Urol."},{"issue":"8","key":"2022020200144150000_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.53.8.453","article-title":"Urinary incontinence in middle aged women: childhood enuresis and other lifetime risk factors in a British prospective cohort","volume":"53","author":"Kuh","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health."},{"issue":"3","key":"2022020200144150000_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1520-6777(2000)19:3<259::AID-NAU7>3.0.CO;2-U","article-title":"Urinary incontinence in both sexes: prevalence rates and impact on quality of life and sexual life","volume":"19","author":"Temml","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurourol Urodyn."},{"issue":"6","key":"2022020200144150000_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1863","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2014.01.110","article-title":"The standardization of terminology of lower urinary tract function in children and adolescents: update report from the Standardization Committee of the International Children\u2019s Continence Society","volume":"191","author":"Austin","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Urol."},{"key":"2022020200144150000_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1967","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2009.03.023","article-title":"Clinical differences in daytime wetting subtypes: urge incontinence and postponed voiding","volume":"182","author":"Kuhn","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Urol."},{"issue":"6","key":"2022020200144150000_B9","first-page":"766","article-title":"Recurrent urinary tract infection in girls: do urodynamic, behavioral and functional abnormalities play a role?","volume":"22","author":"Rudaitis","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Nephrol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2022020200144150000_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.22911","article-title":"Treatment of daytime urinary incontinence: a standardization document from the International Children\u2019s Continence Society","volume":"36","author":"Chang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurourol Urodyn."},{"issue":"1","key":"2022020200144150000_B11","first-page":"CD002802","article-title":"Timed voiding for the management of urinary incontinence in adults","author":"Ostaszkiewicz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev."},{"issue":"5","key":"2022020200144150000_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2007.01.049","article-title":"Initial trial of timed voiding is warranted for all children with daytime incontinence","volume":"69","author":"Allen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Urology."},{"issue":"4","key":"2022020200144150000_B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2010.06.024","article-title":"Timer watch assisted urotherapy in children: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"184","author":"Hagstroem","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Urol."},{"issue":"8","key":"2022020200144150000_B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/jsu038","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of psychological interventions to promote treatment adherence in children, adolescents, and young adults with chronic illness","volume":"39","author":"Pai","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Pediatr Psychol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2022020200144150000_B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20171","article-title":"Development of a validated quality of life tool specific to children with bladder dysfunction","volume":"25","author":"Bower","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurourol Urodyn."},{"issue":"2","key":"2022020200144150000_B16","first-page":"117","article-title":"An overview of the common methods used to measure treatment adherence","volume":"92","author":"Anghel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Med Pharm Rep."}],"container-title":["Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1542\/peds.2021-053863\/1256283\/peds_2021053863.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1542\/peds.2021-053863\/1256283\/peds_2021053863.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,2]],"date-time":"2022-02-02T00:15:07Z","timestamp":1643760907000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article\/149\/1\/e2021053863\/183834\/An-Alarm-Watch-for-Daytime-Urinary-Incontinence-A"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2021-053863","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-4005","1098-4275"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-4005","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-4275","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]]},"article-number":"e2021053863"}}