{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T14:59:46Z","timestamp":1753887586998,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Radcliffe Medical Media Ltd","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,5]],"date-time":"2023-04-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680652800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Interv Cardiol"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: COVID-19 infection has been associated with paradoxical thromboembolism through a patent foramen ovale (PFO) and ischaemic stroke. Such events have not been reported after COVID-19 vaccination. The aim of the present study was to investigate PFO-associated stroke during the mass COVID-19 vaccination in Slovenia. Methods: This prospective study, conducted between 26 December 2020 and 31 March 2022, enrolled consecutive patients (\u226518\u00a0years) with PFO-associated stroke referred for a percutaneous closure to a single interventional facility in Slovenia. Results: A total of 953,546 people aged between 18 and 70\u00a0years received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine approved by the European Medicines Agency. Of the 28 patients presenting with PFO-associated stroke, 12 patients (42.9%) were vaccinated prior to the event, of whom nine were women and three were men, aged between 21 and 70\u00a0years. Stroke occurred within 35\u00a0days after vaccination in six patients (50%). Clinical presentation included motor dysphasia, paresis, vertigo, ataxia, paraesthesia, headache, diplopia and hemianopia. At hospital discharge, 11 patients (91.6%) had at least one residual ischaemic lesion. Conclusion: A temporal coincidence of COVID-19 vaccination and PFO-associated stroke has been described. A potential cause\u2013effect relationship may only be hypothesised.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.15420\/icr.2022.27","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,5]],"date-time":"2023-04-05T11:43:39Z","timestamp":1680695019000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Patent Foramen Ovale-associated Stroke and COVID-19 Vaccination"],"prefix":"10.15420","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Maja","family":"Rojko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"International Center for Cardiovascular Diseases MC Medicor, Izola, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4139-1314","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natasa","family":"Cernic Suligoj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Center for Cardiovascular Diseases MC Medicor, Izola, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Metka","family":"Zorc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Center for Cardiovascular Diseases MC Medicor, Izola, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3303-4306","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marko","family":"Noc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Center for Cardiovascular Diseases MC Medicor, Izola, Slovenia; Center for Intensive Internal Medicine, University Medical Center, Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"6096","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0","unstructured":"Mas JL, Derumeaux G, Guillon B, et al. 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Cardiac complications of COVID-19 vaccination: now we know more. Eur Heart J Suppl 2022;24(Suppl I):I190\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartjsupp\/suac093; PMID: 36380799.","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartjsupp\/suac093"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jabagi MJ, Botton J, Bertrand M, et al. Myocardial infarction, stroke, and pulmonary embolism after BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in people aged 75\u00a0years or older. JAMA 2022;327:80\u20132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2021.21699; PMID: 34807248.","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.21699"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Barda N, Dagan N, Ben-Shlomo Y, et al. Safety of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 vaccine in a nationwide setting. 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