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In out-of-hospital pediatric cardiac arrest, bag-mask ventilation is now suggested over endotracheal intubation or supraglottic airway placement. In in-hospital arrest, evidence is insufficient to favor bag-mask ventilation versus advanced airways; however, endotracheal intubation or supraglottic airway insertion is reasonable when performed with minimal interruption or when bag-mask ventilation is ineffective. For patients with an advanced airway in place, age-adjusted ventilation rates are proposed to avoid hypoventilation and hyperventilation: 30 breaths per minute (&lt;1 yr), 20\u201330 breaths per minute (1\u20138 yr), and 10\u201320 breaths per minute (8\u201318 yr in healthcare settings). When invasive arterial monitoring is available during in-hospital cardiac arrest, target diastolic blood pressure is \u226525 mmHg in infants and \u226530 mmHg in children \u22651 year. After return of spontaneous circulation, systolic blood pressure during the first 6 hours should be maintained above the age-specific 10th percentile. Neuroprognostication should be multimodal, incorporating serial examinations, electroencephalography (up to 72 hours), early computed tomography (&lt;24 hours), magnetic resonance imaging (72 hours to 2 weeks), lactate trends, and pupillary reflexes. Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is limited to appropriately resourced hospitals and may be considered for selected in-hospital arrests (e.g., cardiac disease) unresponsive to conventional CPR; evidence remains insufficient for out-of-hospital use. These revisions shift pediatric resuscitation toward physiology-guided, resource-stratified, and neuroprotective care.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.15441\/ceem.26.103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T06:09:23Z","timestamp":1780639763000},"page":"S115-S141","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15441\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["2025 Korean Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: Part 8. 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