{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T14:34:24Z","timestamp":1787495664021,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Universidad Nacional de Colombia","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,30]],"date-time":"2020-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590796800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rev. salud p\u00fablica"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective To describe the main epidemiological features of snakebites in Colombia during the period 2008 to 2016.Methods A retrospective (quantitative) descriptive analytical empirical study was carried out, based on the official databases of the Public Health Surveillance in the Integral Information System of the Social Protection (SISPRO) and the Surveillance System in Public Health (Sivigila) of the reported cases of snakebites in Colombia for that period.Results In total, 37 066 cases were reported, with annual incidences ranging from 7.0 (2008) to 9.7 (2011 and 2012) cases per 100,000 population. Mortality rates ranged from 0.059 (2013) to 0.091 (2011) deaths per 100 000 population, with case fatality rates ranging from 0.6% (2013) to 1.0% (2010). Indigenous and Afro-Colombian populations were highly affected, and highest incidences occurred in males, and in people living in rural areas. The average age of affected people is 31.7 years (95% CI 28.3 34.5). The regions with higher incidence are Amazonia and Orinoquia. Species of the genus Bothrops are responsible for the highest number of bites (64.5%), owing to their wide distribution in Colombia. Regarding clinical manifestations, pain and edema were observed in 86.9% and 78.8% of patients, respectively. Cellulitis and abscesses were the most frequent local complications of these envenomings.Conclusions Results underscore the relevance of snakebite envenoming in Colombia, and provide information for improving the public health attention to these envenoming.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.15446\/rsap.v22n3.87005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,15]],"date-time":"2020-12-15T19:42:37Z","timestamp":1608061357000},"page":"1-5","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Epidemiology of snakebites in Colombia (2008-2016)"],"prefix":"10.15446","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Leonardo Jos\u00e9","family":"Le\u00f3n-N\u00fa\u00f1ez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel","family":"Camero-Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda","family":"Guti\u00e9rrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"6146","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"1263492","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guti\u00e9rrez JM, Calvete JJ, Habib AG, Harrison RA, Williams DJ, Warrell DA. 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DOI:10.1016\/j.toxicon. 2009.07.001."},{"key":"1263503","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chaves LF, Chuang T, Sasa M, Guti\u00e9rrez JM. Snakebites are associated with poverty, weather fluctuations, and El Ni\u00f1o. Sci Adv. 2015; 1:e1500249. DOI:10.1126\/sciadv.1500249.","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.1500249"},{"key":"1263504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"da Silva Souza A, Sachett JAG, Alc\u00e1ntara JA, Freire M, Alecrim MDGC, Lacerda M, et al. Snakebites as cause of death in the Western Brazilian Amazon. Why and who dies? Deaths from snakebites in the Amazon. Toxicon. 2018;145:15-24. DOI:10.1016\/j.toxicon.2018.02.041.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2018.02.041"},{"key":"1263505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Feitosa EL, Sampaio VS, Salinas JL, Queiroz AM, da Silva IM, Gomes AA, et al. Older age and time to medical assistance are associated with severity and mortality of snakebites in the Brazilian Amazon: A case-control study. PLoS One. 2015; 10:e0132237. DOI:10.1371\/journal.pone.0132237.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0132237"},{"key":"1263506","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alcantara JA, Bernarde PS, Sachett J, da Silva AM, Valente SF, Peixoto HM, et al. Stepping into a dangerous quagmire: Macroecological determinants of Bothrops envenoming, Brazilian Amazon. PLoS One. 2018; 13:e0208532. DOI:10.1371\/journal.pone.0208532.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0208532"},{"key":"1263507","unstructured":"Guti\u00e9rrez JM. Envenenamientos por mordeduras de serpiente en Am\u00e9rica Latina y el Caribe: Una visi\u00f3n integral de car\u00e1cter regional. Bol Malariol Salud Amb. 2011; LI:1-16. Available from: https:\/\/bit.ly\/2R9ileR."},{"key":"1263508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hansson E, Sasa M, Mattison K, Robles A, Guti\u00e9rrez JM. Using geographical information systems to identify populations in need of improved accessibility to antivenom treatment for snakebite envenoming in Costa Rica. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2013; 7:e2009. DOI:10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002009.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002009"},{"key":"1263509","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Andrade F, Chippaux JP. Snake bite envenomation in Ecuador. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2010;104:588-91. DOI:10.1016\/j.trstmh. 2010.05.006."},{"key":"1263510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arroyo O, Rojas G, Guti\u00e9rrez JM. Envenenamiento por mordedura de serpiente en Costa Rica en 1996: epidemiolog\u00eda y consideraciones cl\u00ednicas. Acta M\u00e9d Cost. 1999; 41:23-9. Available from: https:\/\/bit.ly\/2ZhBiAN.","DOI":"10.51481\/amc.v41i4.528"},{"key":"1263511","unstructured":"Chippaux JP, Postigo JR. Appraisal of snakebite incidence and mortality in Bolivia. Toxicon. 2014; 84:28-35. 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